ArticleMaternal & child nutrition2017
"Breastfeeding" but not at the breast: Mothers' descriptions of providing pumped human milk to their infants via other containers and caregivers.
Article in Maternal & child nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exclusively Pumping Women's Milk Production and Pumping and Feeding Dynamics-An Online Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Microbial contamination of medicines, medical devices, cosmetics, child and personal care products: a comprehensive review of secondary contamination risks in home-use settings.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- A National Survey: Trends in U.S. Postpartum Pumping Practices After Term Deliveries.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2025Article
- Pumping and hygiene practices are associated with bacterial load and microbial composition in human milk expressed at home.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Parental factors that impact the ecology of human mammary development, milk secretion, and milk composition-a report from "Breastmilk Ecology: Genesis of Infant Nutrition (BEGIN)" Working Group 1.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- An equitable, community-engaged translational framework for science in human lactation and infant feeding-a report from "Breastmilk Ecology: Genesis of Infant Nutrition (BEGIN)" Working Group 5.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Exclusive breastmilk pumping: A concept analysis.Nursing forum · 2022Article
- Advice from Canadian Mothers Who Express Human Milk: An Interpretive Description Qualitative Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Article
- Exclusive breastfeeding among working mothers in Kenya: Perspectives from women, families and employers.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Article
- Article
- Associations between Prenatal Education, Breastfeeding and Autistic-Like Behaviors in Pre-Schoolers.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Work and breast milk feeding: a qualitative exploration of the experience of lactating mothers working in ready made garments factories in urban Bangladesh.International breastfeeding journal · 2020Article
- Effects of opaque, weighted bottles on maternal sensitivity and infant intake.Maternal & child nutrition · 2019Article
- The Meaning of "Breastfeeding" Is Changing and So Must Our Language About It.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2017Article
- Pumping Milk Without Ever Feeding at the Breast in the Moms2Moms Study.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2017Article
- "Breastfeeding" but not at the breast: Mothers' descriptions of providing pumped human milk to their infants via other containers and caregivers.Maternal & child nutrition · 2017Article
- "Breastfeeding" without baby: A longitudinal, qualitative investigation of how mothers perceive, feel about, and practice human milk expression.Maternal & child nutrition · 2017Article
- "What Is 'Enough,' and How Do I Make It?": A Qualitative Examination of Questions Mothers Ask on Social Media About Pumping and Providing an Adequate Amount of Milk for Their Infants.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding MedicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As pumping has become more prevalent among American women, pumped human milk (HM) is on the rise in their infants' diets in place of some or all feeding at the breast. We aimed to fill a gap in knowledge about mothers' motivations, practices and perceptions related to pumping, and about mothers' and other caregivers' motivations, practices, and perceptions related to feeding pumped HM. Results related to providing pumped HM are reported here, and results related to pumping are reported elsewhere. We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews among a diverse sample of mothers whose infants were fed pumped HM (n = 20), following each up to 1 year postpartum. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis with Atlas.ti. Nearly all mothers felt bottles were necessary to meet infant HM-feeding goals. Nearly all pumped HM was fed by other caregivers because mothers typically preferred and prioritized feeding at the breast for convenience and maintaining their milk supply. Infants were bottle-fed HM for several reasons that changed over time, such as mother's absence, latch difficulty, or desire to share the burden and bonding of feeding. Feeding practices differed between feeds from bottles versus at the breast; some infants were bottle-fed on schedules but fed at the breast on demand. Mothers' methods for storing, transporting, and preparing HM varied substantially and included practices associated with loss of nutrients and microbial contamination. Mothers' reasons for bottle-feeding HM may affect how much their infants are bottle-fed. Consumption of pumped HM may not provide the same benefits to infants as feeding at the breast. These findings highlight important avenues for future research into the relationships between bottle-feeding HM and infant health, growth, and developmental outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.