ArticleVaccine2017
The global distribution and diversity of protein vaccine candidate antigens in the highly virulent Streptococcus pnuemoniae serotype 1.
Article in Vaccine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of an intramuscular bivalent vaccine against influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in mice.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Characterization of the innate immune response to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in zebrafish.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Serotype 1 pneumococcus: epidemiology, genomics, and disease mechanisms.Trends in microbiology · 2022Review
- A Jack of All Trades: The Role of Pneumococcal Surface Protein A in the Pathogenesis ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Post-VaccinationMicroorganisms · 2020Article
- High residual carriage of vaccine-serotype Streptococcus pneumoniae after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Malawi.Nature communications · 2020Observational
- Role of BgaA as a Pneumococcal Virulence Factor Elucidated by Molecular Evolutionary Analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Epidemiology Characteristics ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Article
- Identification of evolutionarily conserved virulence factor by selective pressure analysis ofCommunications biology · 2019Article
- Novel Immunoprotective Proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae Identified by Opsonophagocytosis Killing Screen.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- A recombinant conjugated pneumococcal vaccine that protects against murine infections with a similar efficacy to Prevnar-13.NPJ vaccines · 2018Article
- Towards Identifying Protective B-Cell Epitopes: The PspA Story.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 13 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Serotype 1 is one of the most common causes of pneumococcal disease worldwide. Pneumococcal protein vaccines are currently being developed as an alternate intervention strategy to pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Pre-requisites for an efficacious pneumococcal protein vaccine are universal presence and minimal variation of the target antigen in the pneumococcal population, and the capability to induce a robust human immune response. We used in silico analysis to assess the prevalence of seven protein vaccine candidates (CbpA, PcpA, PhtD, PspA, SP0148, SP1912, SP2108) among 445 serotype 1 pneumococci from 26 different countries, across four continents. CbpA (76%), PspA (68%), PhtD (28%), PcpA (11%) were not universally encoded in the study population, and would not provide full coverage against serotype 1. PcpA was widely present in the European (82%), but not in the African (2%) population. A multi-valent vaccine incorporating CbpA, PcpA, PhtD and PspA was predicted to provide coverage against 86% of the global population. SP0148, SP1912 and SP2108 were universally encoded and we further assessed their predicted amino acid, antigenic and structural variation. Multiple allelic variants of these proteins were identified, different allelic variants dominated in different continents; the observed variation was predicted to impact the antigenicity and structure of two SP0148 variants, one SP1912 variant and four SP2108 variants, however these variants were each only present in a small fraction of the global population (<2%). The vast majority of the observed variation was predicted to have no impact on the efficaciousness of a protein vaccine incorporating a single variant of SP0148, SP1912 and/or SP2108 from S. pneumoniae TIGR4. Our findings emphasise the importance of taking geographic differences into account when designing global vaccine interventions and support the continued development of SP0148, SP1912 and SP2108 as protein vaccine candidates against this important pneumococcal serotype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.