ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2017
A Prospective Cohort Study of Common Childhood Infections in South African HIV-exposed Uninfected and HIV-unexposed Infants.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Morbidity benefit conferred by childhood immunisation in relation to maternal HIV status: a meta-analysis of demographic and health surveys.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Pooled it
- Infectious Morbidity, Mortality and Nutrition in HIV-exposed, Uninfected, Formula-fed Infants: Results From the HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 Trial.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2018Trial
- Infectious-cause hospitalisation in a province-wide cohort of children with antenatal HIV exposure compared to children without HIV exposure.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- The Complex Role of CD8+ T Cells in Placental HIV Infection.European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- The Linda Kizazi study: a comparison of morbidity and mortality from birth to 2 years between children who are HIV-unexposed and HIV-exposed, uninfected in the era of universal antiretroviral therapy.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Dietary intake and growth of HIV exposed and unexposed 6-12 months old infants in South Africa.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- Impact of HIV exposure without infection on hospital course and mortality among young children in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-site cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Care of the Child Perinatally Exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinics in perinatology · 2024Review
- Distinct cytokine profiles in late pregnancy in Ugandan people with HIV.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Risk and rates of hospitalisation in young children: A prospective study of a South African birth cohort.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Association of HIV Exposure and HIV Infection With In-hospital Mortality Among Hospitalized Infants <1 Year of Age, South Africa, 2016-2018.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2023Article
- Bifidobacterium infantis supplementation versus placebo in early life to improve immunity in infants exposed to HIV: a protocol for a randomized trial.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- A 12-month Prospective Study of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Women and Their Infants in Malawi: Comparative Analysis of Clinical Events and Infant Growth.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Risk factors for stunting in children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected after Option B+ implementation in Malawi.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Article
- Article
- Cytomegalovirus Viremia Predicts Postdischarge Mortality in Kenyan HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- HIV-Associated Alterations of the Biophysical Features of Maternal Antibodies Correlate With Their Reduced Transfer Across the Placenta.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Standardized Definitions of In Utero Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Antiretroviral Drug Exposure Among Children.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Dynamics of the infant gut microbiota in the first 18 months of life: the impact of maternal HIV infection and breastfeeding.Microbiome · 2022Article
- Preterm Birth in Women With HIV: The Role of the Placenta.Frontiers in global women's health · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMuch evidence of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infant infectious morbidity predates availability of maternal combination antiretroviral therapy and does not control for universal risk factors (preterm birth, low birth weight, suboptimal breastfeeding and poverty).
methodsThis prospective cohort study identified HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers and their newborns from South African community midwife unit. The primary outcome, infectious cause hospitalization or death before 6 months of age, was compared between HEU and HIV-unexposed (HU) infants and classified for type and severity using validated study-specific case definitions. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated by logistic regression including stratified analyses conditioned on breastfeeding.
resultsOne hundred and seventy-six (94 HEU and 82 HU) mother-infant pairs were analyzed. HIV-infected mothers were older (median, 27.8 vs. 24.7 years; P < 0.01) and HU infants more often breastfed (81/82 vs. 35/94; P < 0.001). Groups were similar for maternal education, antenatal course, household characteristics, birth weight, gestational age and immunizations. The primary outcome occurred in 17 (18%) HEU and 10 (12%) HU infants [aOR, 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44-4.55]. In stratified analysis restricted to breastfed infants, the aOR for hospitalization due to very severe infection or death was 4.2 (95% CI: 1.00-19.2; P = 0.05) for HEU infants. Hospitalization for diarrhea was more common in HEU than HU infants [8/94 (8.5%) vs. 1/82 (1.2%); P = 0.04].
conclusionThe difference between HEU and HU infants in the probability of infectious cause hospitalization or death in the first 6 months of life was not significant. However, among breastfed infants, severe infectious morbidity occurred more often in HEU than HU infants.
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Registered trials
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