ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
Clinical implications of globally emerging azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 175 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
175 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 303 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Revised ISHAM-ABPA working group clinical practice guidelines for diagnosing, classifying and treating allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis/mycoses.The European respiratory journal · 2024Guideline
- The effect of lichen secondary metabolites on Aspergillus fungi.Archives of microbiology · 2021Pooled it
- The persulfidome of alveolar epithelial cells reveals persulfidation of calprotectin as critical to preserve its antifungal activity.iScience · 2026Article
- Ten-Year Voriconazole Susceptibility Trends Among 1482 ClinicalJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antifungal Susceptibility andMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Article
- Liposomal antimicrobials in the fight against bacterial and fungal pathogens: Clinical successes and development challenges.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- The dual role of azoles: lifesaving antifungals and drivers of resistance - a One Health perspective.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Azole Resistance inOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Mycoviruses: Environmental Variables, Vector-Mediated Transmission and Use as a Biocontrol.Viruses · 2026Review
- Global epidemiology of azole resistance inJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Novel Genetic Diversity and Geographic Structures ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Efficacy assessments of EL219, a next-generation polyene antifungal, in immunosuppressed mice infected with drug-sensitive and drug-resistantAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- The therapeutic effect of 5-nitro-8-hydroxyquinoline onFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Rising antifungal resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Interconnected worlds: a comprehensive review of fungal defenses, antimicrobial resistance, and their evolutionary dynamics.IMA fungus · 2026Review
- CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing inBiology · 2025Review
- Prevalence and diversity of antifungal resistance inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- The sulfur-related metabolic status ofVirulence · 2025Article
115 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aspergillus fungi are the cause of an array of diseases affecting humans, animals and plants. The triazole antifungal agents itraconazole, voriconazole, isavuconazole and posaconazole are treatment options against diseases caused by Aspergillus However, resistance to azoles has recently emerged as a new therapeutic challenge in six continents. Although de novo azole resistance occurs occasionally in patients during azole therapy, the main burden is the aquisition of resistance through the environment. In this setting, the evolution of resistance is attributed to the widespread use of azole-based fungicides. Although ubiquitously distributed, A. fumigatus is not a phytopathogen. However, agricultural fungicides deployed against plant pathogenic moulds such as Fusarium, Mycospaerella and A. flavus also show activity against A. fumigatus in the environment and exposure of non-target fungi is inevitable. Further, similarity in molecule structure between azole fungicides and antifungal drugs results in cross-resistance of A. fumigatus to medical azoles. Clinical studies have shown that two-thirds of patients with azole-resistant infections had no previous history of azole therapy and high mortality rates between 50% and 100% are reported in azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis. The resistance phenotype is associated with key mutations in the cyp51A gene, including TR
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.