ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
Interoceptive dimensions across cardiac and respiratory axes.
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 132 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Is Knowing the Body Knowing the Mind? Stress-physiology Coherence, Interoception, and Mindfulness
Multimodal Biomarkers and Robot-Guided Precision TMS for Early Detection and Treatment of Postpartum Depression
Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Neural correlates of altered interoception in depressive and anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Interoception and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between interoception and BMI.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Pooled it
- Placebo and nocebo interventions impact perceived but not actual proprioceptive accuracy.PloS one · 2024Trial
- Changes in interoception after alcohol administration correlate with expectancies and subjective effects.Addiction biology · 2022Trial
- The impact of a brief mindfulness training on interoception: A randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Exploratory study of how Cognitive Multisensory Rehabilitation restores parietal operculum connectivity and improves upper limb movements in chronic stroke.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Interoception as a Mechanism Linking Anxiety, Cardiovascular Disease, and their Co-Occurrence.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Interoception, alexithymia, and motor congruency: Psychological drivers of body ownership in virtual reality.Perception · 2026Article
- Embodied Interoception Questionnaire (Intero-10): Development, Validation, and Application in People With Neuropathic Chronic Pain.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- Estimating Interoceptive Sensitivity from Physiological Breathing Parameters.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2026Article
- Age Differences in the Relationship Between Interoception and Emotional Processing.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Interoception predicts mental imagery vividness: exploring a key relationship.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Operationalizing the Mind-Body Connection: Interoception via the Autonomic Nervous System.NeuroSci · 2026Article
- Metaplastic neuronal state transition regulates species-specific interoceptive processing inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Interoceptive ability is uncorrelated across respiratory and cardiac axes in a large scale psychophysical study.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Development of interoception: the critical role of maternal affective touch in early attachment.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Interoception in migraine is characterised by normal accuracy but altered sensibility and behaviour.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interoception in migraine is characterised by normal accuracy but altered sensibility and behaviour.Scientific reports · 2025Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interoception refers to the sensing of signals concerning the internal state of the body. Individual differences in interoceptive sensitivity are proposed to account for differences in affective processing, including the expression of anxiety. The majority of investigations of interoceptive accuracy focus on cardiac signals, typically using heartbeat detection tests and self-report measures. Consequently, little is known about how different organ-specific axes of interoception relate to each other or to symptoms of anxiety. Here, we compare interoception for cardiac and respiratory signals. We demonstrate a dissociation between cardiac and respiratory measures of interoceptive accuracy (i.e. task performance), yet a positive relationship between cardiac and respiratory measures of interoceptive awareness (i.e. metacognitive insight into own interoceptive ability). Neither interoceptive accuracy nor metacognitive awareness for cardiac and respiratory measures was related to touch acuity, an exteroceptive sense. Specific measures of interoception were found to be predictive of anxiety symptoms. Poor respiratory accuracy was associated with heightened anxiety score, while good metacognitive awareness for cardiac interoception was associated with reduced anxiety. These findings highlight that detection accuracies across different sensory modalities are dissociable and future work can better delineate their relationship to affective and cognitive constructs.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.