ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
Interoception, homeostatic emotions and sympathovagal balance.
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The neuroscience of social feelings: mechanisms of adaptive social functioning.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Associations Between Interoception, Vagal Tone, and Emotional Regulation: Potential Applications for Mental Health, Wellbeing, Psychological Flexibility, and Chronic Conditions.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of non-invasive spinal cord stimulation in unmedicated adults with major depressive disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial and induced current flow pattern.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Trial
- A machine learning approach towards the differentiation between interoceptive and exteroceptive attention.The European journal of neuroscience · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Using the Surgical Mask and FFP2 during the 6-Min Walking Test. A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- An interoceptive basis for alcohol priming effects.Psychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Acoustic voice analysis of women with migraine.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2026Article
- Brain structural correlates of individual differences in heartbeat counting and discrimination: A voxel-based morphometry study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Operationalizing the Mind-Body Connection: Interoception via the Autonomic Nervous System.NeuroSci · 2026Article
- Embodied neuroaesthetics and the psychotherapeutic relational field.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Music-induced emotion as controlled hallucination: an active interoceptive inference account.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Bidirectional brain-heart communication in coronary heart disease: from coronary plaques to central autonomic networks.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Integrated structural and functional brain imaging reveals biomarkers of disease activity in Crohn's disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Interoception in migraine is characterised by normal accuracy but altered sensibility and behaviour.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Epigenetic manipulation of anterior insular cortex alters neural signals and cognitive control.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- The autonomic nervous system: Time for a conceptual reframing?The Journal of physiology · 2025Review
- Human Resilience and Pain Coping Strategies: A Review of the Literature Giving Insights from Elite Ultra-Endurance Athletes for Sports Science, Medicine and Society.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Human Resilience and Pain Coping Strategies: A Review of the Literature Giving Insights from Elite Ultra-Endurance Athletes for Sports Science, Medicine and Society.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- The Role of Stress in Burning Mouth Syndrome Triggered by Dental Treatments: A Two-Step Hypothesis.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We briefly review the evidence for distinct neuroanatomical substrates that underlie interoception in humans, and we explain how they substantialize feelings from the body (in the insular cortex) that are conjoined with homeostatic motivations that guide adaptive behaviours (in the cingulate cortex). This hierarchical sensorimotor architecture coincides with the limbic cortical architecture that underlies emotions, and thus we regard interoceptive feelings and their conjoint motivations as homeostatic emotions We describe how bivalent feelings, emotions and sympathovagal balance can be organized and regulated efficiently in the bicameral forebrain as asymmetric positive/negative, approach/avoidance and parasympathetic/sympathetic components. We provide original evidence supporting this organization from studies of cardiorespiratory vagal activity in monkeys and functional imaging studies in healthy humans showing activation modulated by paced breathing and passively viewed emotional images. The neuroanatomical architecture of interoception provides deep insight into the functional organization of all emotional feelings and behaviours in humans.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.