Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28077587›Full record

Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2017

Malaria Parasitemia and Parasite Density in Antiretroviral-Treated HIV-Infected Adults Following Discontinuation of Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis.

Ronald K Ottichilo, Christina S Polyak, Bernard Guyah, Benson Singa, Josphat Nyataya, Krista Yuhas, Grace John-Stewart, John N Waitumbi

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01425073 (Discontinuation of Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole Prophylaxis in Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01425073 nacompletednot on this map

Discontinuation of Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole Prophylaxis in Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Kenya: a Randomized Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of WashingtonRan2012 to 2013Enrolled500ConditionsHIV Infections, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Disease Progression, Immune System DiseasesArmsDiscontinue TMP/SMZ prophylaxis
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Tissue Parasites in HIV Infection.Current infectious disease reports · 2019
    Review
  6. Global HIV neurology: a comprehensive review.AIDS (London, England) · 2019
    Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Ronald K OttichiloUS Army Medical Research Directorate-Kenya, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research/Kenya Medical Research Institute.
Christina S PolyakKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi.
Bernard GuyahDepartment of Medical Immunology, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya.
Benson SingaDepartment of Medicine.
Josphat NyatayaUS Army Medical Research Directorate-Kenya, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research/Kenya Medical Research Institute.
Krista YuhasDepartment of Global Health.
Grace John-StewartUS Military HIV Research Program, Henry Jackson Foundation, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Bethesda, Maryland.
John N WaitumbiUS Army Medical Research Directorate-Kenya, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research/Kenya Medical Research Institute.
Maseno University · KEUnited States Army Medical Research Directorate - Africa · KEWalter Reed Army Institute of Research · US

Funding

University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI EDWIN ROBERTO ORELLANA · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
Pediatric HIV-1 in Africa: Pathogenesis and ManagementK24HD054314 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI JOHN-STEWART, GRACE C. · 2006 to 2016
$1.2M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757NICHD NIH HHS K24 HD054314
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCotrimoxazole (CTX) discontinuation increases malaria incidence in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. Rates, quantity, and timing of parasitemia rebound following CTX remain undefined.

methodsSerial specimens from a trial of HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) randomized to continue (the CTX arm) or discontinue (the STOP-CTX arm) were examined for malaria parasites by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Specimens obtained at enrollment and then quarterly for 12 months and at sick visits were assessed; multiplicity of infection was evaluated by PCR that targeted the polymorphic msp-1/msp-2 alleles.

resultsAmong 500 HIV-infected adults receiving ART (median ART duration, 4.5 years), 5% had detectable parasitemia at baseline. After randomization, parasite prevalence increased over time in the STOP-CTX arm, compared with the CTX arm, with values of 4% and <1%, respectively, at month 3, 8% and 2% at month 6, 14% and 2% at month 9, and 22% and 4% at month 12 (P = .0034). The combined mean parasite density at the various time points was higher in the STOP-CTX arm (4.42 vs 3.13 log

conclusionDiscontinuation of CTX by HIV-infected adults receiving ART resulted in progressive increases in malaria parasitemia prevalence and burden. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT01425073.

Indexed as

Parasite LoadAdultAnti-HIV AgentsAntimalarialsFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansKenyaMalariaMaleMedication AdherenceParasitemiaPlasmodium falciparumPolymerase Chain ReactionPrevalenceTrimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug CombinationAnti-HIV AgentsAntimalarialsTrimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combinationadultsantiretroviral treatmentcotrimoxazoleHIVmalariaparasitemia

Identifiers

PMID28077587
PMCPMC5225251
OpenAlexW2537589792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.