ArticleMemorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz2017
Scoring clinical signs can help diagnose canine visceral leishmaniasis in a highly endemic area in Brazil.
Article in Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and Validation of a New Scoring System (Total Leishmania Score) for Dogs withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Assessment of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis Using Urinary 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Monitored During Antileishmanial Treatment.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Emergence of autochthonousFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Candidate antigens for serological testing (ELISA) and diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025Article
- Standardization and Evaluation of the LAMP Technique for the Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Conjunctival Swab Samples Using DNA Extracted by a Silica Column and Boiling.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Relapses in canine leishmaniosis: risk factors identified through mixed-effects logistic regression.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- A compared histopathological study on kidneys and eye bulbs in distinct clinical presentations of canine leishmaniasis by Leishmania infantum.Veterinary research communications · 2024Article
- Clinical and Clinico-Pathological Observations of the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Dogs Affected by Leishmaniosis and Other Inflammatory Diseases.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Pre-test probability and likelihood ratios for clinical findings in canine leishmaniasis.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
- Conjunctival Swab Real Time-PCR inBiology · 2022Article
- A comparative study of nested-PCR and direct agglutination test (DAT) for the detection of Leishmania infantum infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic domestic dogs.BMC research notes · 2021Article
- A Nutritional Supplement (DìLshAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Allopurinol therapy provides long term clinical improvement, but additional immunotherapy is required for sustained parasite clearance, inVaccine: X · 2020Article
- Improving the serodiagnosis of canineParasite epidemiology and control · 2020Article
- Clinical and Immunological Response in Dogs Naturally Infected byAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) diagnosis is still a challenge in endemic areas with limited diagnostic resources. This study proposes a score with the potential to distinguish positive CVL cases from negative ones. We studied 265 dogs that tested positive for CVL on ELISA and parasitological tests. A score ranging between 0 and 19 was recorded on the basis of clinical signs. Dogs with CVL had an overall higher positivity of the majority of clinical signs than did dogs without CVL or with ehrlichiosis. Clinical signs such as enlarged lymph nodes (83.93%), muzzle/ear lesions (55.36%), nutritional status (51.79%), bristle condition (57.14%), pale mucosal colour (48.21%), onychogryphosis (58.93%), skin lesion (39.28%), bleeding (12.50%), muzzle depigmentation (41.07%), alopecia (39.29%), blepharitis (21.43%), and keratoconjunctivitis (42.86%) were more frequent in dogs with CVL than in dogs with ehrlichiosis or without CVL. Moreover, the clinical score increased according to the positivity of all diagnostic tests (ELISA, p < 0.001; parasite culture, p = 0.0021; and smear, p = 0.0003). Onychogryphosis (long nails) [odds ratio (OR): 3.529; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.832-6.796; p < 0.001], muzzle depigmentation (OR: 4.651; 95% CI: 2.218-9.750; p < 0.001), and keratoconjunctivitis (OR: 5.400; 95% CI: 2.549-11.441; p < 0.001) were highly associated with CVL. Interestingly, a score cut-off value ≥ 6 had an area under the curve of 0.717 (p < 0.0001), sensitivity of 60.71%, and specificity of 73.64% for CVL diagnosis. The clinical sign-based score for CVL diagnosis suggested herein can help veterinarians reliably identify dogs with CVL in endemic areas with limited diagnostic resources.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.