Trial reportPloS one2017
Increased Natural Killer Cell Activation in HIV-Infected Immunologic Non-Responders Correlates with CD4+ T Cell Recovery after Antiretroviral Therapy and Viral Suppression.
Trial report in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Wenshen Jianpi recipe induced immune reconstruction and redistribution of natural killer cell subsets in immunological non-responders of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2022Trial
- Immune non-response despite effective antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV: A review of potential mechanisms, biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.HIV medicine · 2026Review
- Persistent immune dysfunction during suppressive antiretroviral therapy: implications for analytical treatment interruption trials for chronic HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- NK Count and Natural Cytotoxicity in Immune Nonresponders Versus Responders Living With HIV.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Single-cell analysis reveals islet autoantigen's immune activation in type 1 diabetes patients.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence markers in T- and NK-cells according to the CD4/CD8 ratio in successfully treated people living with HIV.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Genetically defined causal effects of natural killer cells related traits in risk of infection: a Mendelian randomization study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- HLA-DR Expression in Natural Killer Cells Marks Distinct Functional States, Depending on Cell Differentiation Stage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Early antiretroviral therapy and its impact on natural killer cell dynamics in HIV-1 infected men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional pilot study evaluating the impact of early ART initiation on NK cell perturbation in HIV infection.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Bispecific antibodies promote natural killer cell-mediated elimination of HIV-1 reservoir cells.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells regulates immune recovery during HIV infection through PD-L1 and TGF-β pathways.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- HIV immunological non-responders are characterized by extensive immunosenescence and impaired lymphocyte cytokine production capacity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Natural Killer Repertoire Restoration in TB/HIV Co-Infected Individuals Experienced an Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (CAMELIA Trial, ANRS 12153).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Impacts of plasma microbial lipopolysaccharide translocation on B cell perturbations and anti-CD4 autoantibody production in people with HIV on suppressive antiretroviral therapy.Cell & bioscience · 2023Article
- Cellular and molecular insights into incomplete immune recovery in HIV/AIDS patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Elucidating the Gene Signatures and Immune Cell Types in HIV-Infected Immunological Non-Responders by Bioinformatics Analyses.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Disruption of the HLA-E/NKG2X axis is associated with uncontrolled HIV infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Negative Regulation and Protective Function of Natural Killer Cells in HIV Infection: Two Sides of a Coin.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Innate and adaptive abnormalities in youth with vertically acquired HIV through a multicentre cohort in Spain.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The role of natural killer (NK) cell function in HIV disease especially in the setting of long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) and viral suppression is not fully understood. In the current study, we have investigated NK cell activation in healthy controls and aviremic ART-treated HIV+ subjects with different degrees of immune restoration. We performed a cross sectional study in 12 healthy controls and 24 aviremic ART-treated HIV-infected subjects including 13 HIV+ subjects with CD4+ T cells above 500 cells/μL defined as "immunologic responders" and 11 HIV+ subjects with CD4+ T cells below 350 cells/μL defined as "immunologic non-responders". We analyzed NK cell number, subset, and activation by expression of CD107a and NKG2D and co-expression of CD38 and HLA-DR. NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against uninfected CD4+ T cells was tested in vitro. We found that NK cell absolute number, percentage of NK cells, and percentage of NK cell subsets were similar in the three study groups. The increased NK cell activation was found predominantly in CD56dimCD16+ subset of immunologic non-responders but not immunologic responders compared to healthy controls. The activation of NK cells was inversely correlated with the peripheral CD4+ T cell count in HIV+ subjects, even after controlling for chronic T cell activation, sex, and age, potential contributors for CD4+ T cell counts in HIV disease. Interestingly, NK cells from immunologic non-responders mediated cytotoxicity against uninfected CD4+ T cells ex vivo. NK cells may play a role in blunted CD4+ T cell recovery in ART-treated HIV disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.