ArticleThe Journal of comparative neurology2019
Development of cone photoreceptors and their synapses in the human and monkey fovea.
Article in The Journal of comparative neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic changes in ocular shape during human development and its implications for retina fovea formation.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Pooled it
- Improving Parkinson's disease diagnosis by non-invasive detection of retinal biomarkers in MPTP monkeys using ERG and pupillometry.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Convergent re-evolution of CNS structures: focus on the fovea.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2026Review
- Human macula formation involves two waves of retinoic acid suppression via CYP26A1 that modulate cell cycle exit and cone subtype specification.Stem cell reports · 2025Article
- Histological analysis of retinal development and remodeling in the brown anole lizard (Anolis sagrei).Journal of anatomy · 2025Article
- Retinal changes detected by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in parkinsonian monkeys.Neurophotonics · 2025Article
- Retinal and Choriocapillaris Thickness Changes in Spontaneously Diabetic Macaques.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Molecular insights into foveal hypoplasia: development, genetics, mechanisms, and models.Molecular vision · 2025Review
- Cellular and circuit remodeling of the primate foveal midget pathway after acute photoreceptor loss.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Evolutionary and developmental specialization of foveal cell types in the marmoset.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Real-Time Imaging of Single Retinal Cell Apoptosis in a Non-Human Primate Ocular Hypertension Model.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Episodic live imaging of cone photoreceptor maturation in GNAT2-EGFP retinal organoids.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Article
- Choroidal Changes in Rhesus Macaques in Aging and Age-Related Drusen.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Foveal Cone Structure in Patients With Blue Cone Monochromacy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Insights into the developing fovea revealed by imaging.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2022Review
- Human photoreceptors switch from autonomous axon extension to cell-mediated process pulling during synaptic marker redistribution.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Characterization and staging of outer plexiform layer development in human retina and retinal organoids.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2021Article
- Normative Data of Ocular Biometry, Optical Coherence Tomography, and Electrophysiology Conducted for Cynomolgus Macaque Monkeys.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Comparing Retinal Structure in Patients with Achromatopsia and Blue Cone Monochromacy Using OCT.Ophthalmology science · 2021Article
- MicroRNA Signatures of the Developing Primate Fovea.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
During retinal development, ribbon synapse assembly in the photoreceptors is a crucial step involving numerous molecules. While the developmental sequence of plexiform layers in human retina has been characterized, the molecular steps of synaptogenesis remain largely unknown. In the present study, we focused on the central rod-free region of primate retina, the fovea, to specifically investigate the development of cone photoreceptor ribbon synapses. Immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy were utilized to track the expression of photoreceptor transduction proteins and ribbon and synaptic markers in fetal human and Macaca retina. Although the inner plexiform layer appears earlier than the outer plexiform layer, synaptic proteins, and ribbons are first reliably recognized in cone pedicles. Markers first appear at fetal week 9. Both short (S) and medium/long (M/L) wavelength-selective cones express synaptic markers in the same temporal sequence; this is independent of opsin expression which takes place in S cones a month before M/L cones. The majority of ribbon markers, presynaptic vesicular release and postsynaptic neurotransduction-related machinery is present in both plexiform layers by fetal week 13. By contrast, two crucial components for cone to bipolar cell glutamatergic transmission, the metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 and voltage-dependent calcium channel α1.4, are not detected until fetal week 22 when bipolar cell invagination is present in the cone pedicle. These results suggest an intrinsically programmed but nonsynchronous expression of molecules in cone synaptic development. Moreover, functional ribbon synapses and active neurotransmission at foveal cone pedicles are possibly present as early as mid-gestation in human retina.
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Registered trials
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