ArticleThe AAPS journal2017
A Comparative Study of the Bone Regenerative Effect of Chemically Modified RNA Encoding BMP-2 or BMP-9.
Article in The AAPS journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human BMP4 mRNA Encapsulated in Lipid Nanoparticle for Bone and Articular Cartilage Repair in Aged Mice.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) 9 Outperforms BMP2 in Osteogenesis and Osseointegration: In Vitro and In Vivo.Clinical implant dentistry and related research · 2026Article
- Protein-Encoding Chemically Modified mRNAs for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration and Repair.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Biologics for bone regeneration: advances in cell, protein, gene, and mRNA therapies.Bone research · 2026Review
- Messenger RNA therapy in bone and joint diseases: Rationale, delivery systems, and applications.Biomaterials translational · 2026Article
- Engineering bone tissue with mRNA: from molecular design and delivery to clinical applications.Materials today (Kidlington, England) · 2025Article
- Gene-activation of surface-modified 3D printed calcium phosphate scaffolds.BMC chemistry · 2025Article
- The tooth transformer® revolution: autologous dentin biomaterials and platelet concentrates in oral regeneration. A parallel narrative systematic review.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Review
- β-catenin mRNA encapsulated in SM-102 lipid nanoparticles enhances bone formation in a murine tibia fracture repair model.Bioactive materials · 2024Article
- Optimizing the Delivery of mRNA to Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering Applications.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Osteogenic effects of covalently tethered rhBMP-2 and rhBMP-9 in an MMP-sensitive PEG hydrogel nanocomposite.Acta biomaterialia · 2023Article
- mRNA vaccines in disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Non-viral gene delivery to human mesenchymal stem cells: a practical guide towards cell engineering.Journal of biological engineering · 2023Review
- Immune microenvironment: novel perspectives on bone regeneration disorder in osteoradionecrosis of the jaws.Cell and tissue research · 2023Review
- Matrices Activated with Messenger RNA.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2023Review
- Mineral coated microparticles doped with fluoride and complexed with mRNA prolong transfection in fracture healing.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Women's contribution to stem cell research for osteoarthritis: an opinion paper.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Barrier Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR): A Focus on Recent Advances in Collagen Membranes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Comparison ofBiofabrication · 2022Article
- Therapeutic approaches to activate the canonical Wnt pathway for bone regeneration.Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Employing cost-effective biomaterials to deliver chemically modified ribonucleic acid (cmRNA) in a controlled manner addresses the high cost, safety concerns, and lower transfection efficiency that exist with protein and gene therapeutic approaches. By eliminating the need for nuclear entry, cmRNA therapeutics can potentially overcome the lower transfection efficiencies associated with non-viral gene delivery systems. Here, we investigated the osteogenic potential of cmRNA-encoding BMP-9, in comparison to cmRNA-encoding BMP-2. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was used as a vector to increase in vitro transfection efficacy. Complexes of PEI-cmRNA (encoding BMP-2 or BMP-9) were fabricated at an amine (N) to phosphate (P) ratio of 10 and characterized for transfection efficacy in vitro using human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). The osteogenic potential of BMSCs treated with these complexes was determined by evaluating the expression of bone-specific genes as well as through the detection of bone matrix deposition. It was found that alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression 3 days post transfection in the group treated with BMP-9-cmRNA was significantly higher than that in the group that received BMP-2-cmRNA treatment. Alizarin red staining and atomic absorption spectroscopy demonstrated enhanced osteogenic differentiation as evidenced by increased bone matrix production by the BMSCs treated with BMP-9-cmRNA when compared to cells treated with BMP-2-cmRNA. In vivo studies showed increased bone formation in calvarial defects treated with the BMP-9-cmRNA and BMP-2-cmRNA collagen scaffolds when compared to empty defects. The connectivity density of the regenerated bone was higher (2-fold-higher) in the group that received BMP-9-cmRNA compared to BMP-2-cmRNA. Together, these findings suggest that cmRNA-activated matrix encoding osteogenic molecules can provide a powerful strategy for bone regeneration with significant clinical translational potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.