ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2017
Activated microglia induce the production of reactive oxygen species and promote apoptosis of co-cultured retinal microvascular pericytes.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sympathetic Stress and Sleep Loss in Diabetic Retinopathy: Links to Retinal Blood-Flow Control.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Review: The role of microglia in diabetic retinopathy and its potential as a therapeutic target.Molecular vision · 2026Review
- Beyond Radical Scavengers: Focus on NADPH Oxidases (NOX) Inhibitors as New Agents for Antioxidant Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Advantages of Chinese Medicines for Diabetic Retinopathy and Mechanisms: Focused on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2025Review
- HOCPCA Exerts Neuroprotection on Retinal Ganglion Cells by Binding to CaMKIIα and Modulating Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Experimental Glaucoma.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Article
- Impaired peroxisomal beta-oxidation in microglia triggers oxidative stress and impacts neurons and oligodendrocytes.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress exacerbates mitochondrial apoptosis damage to cochlear stria vascularis pericytes via the ROS-mediated Bcl-2/CytC/AIF pathway.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2024Article
- Sitagliptin eye drops prevent the impairment of retinal neurovascular unit in the new Trpv2Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Review
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of the blood-brain barrier dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Review
- Long-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 with and without neurological involvement: 3-year follow-up assessment.PLoS medicine · 2024Article
- Redox Regulation of Immunometabolism in Microglia Underpinning Diabetic Retinopathy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Research Progress of Coenzyme Q in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Common Complications.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Review
- Pericyte loss initiates microvascular dysfunction in the development of diastolic dysfunction.European heart journal open · 2024Article
- Nox4 as a novel therapeutic target for diabetic vascular complications.Redox biology · 2023Review
- The link between neuroinflammation and the neurovascular unit in synucleinopathies.Science advances · 2023Review
- Microglia-Mediated Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Review
- Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Brain Energy Metabolism in Ischemic Stroke: Effects of Smoking and Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Ebselen prevents cigarette smoke-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice by preserving hippocampal synaptophysin expression.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePericyte apoptosis is a predominant feature of early diabetic retinopathy. In diabetic retinopathy, activated microglia migrate and release proinflammatory cytokines that contribute to disruption of the blood-retinal barrier, neuronal loss, and enhanced ROS production. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in pericyte death; however, the mechanism by which activated microglia affect retinal microvascular pericytes is unclear. We hypothesized that activated microglia may promote pericyte apoptosis by enhancing ROS production.
methodsLipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglia and pericytes were co-cultured in a cell culture system. Pericyte ROS production and the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were determined by flow cytometry. The pericyte protein expression levels of NADPH oxidase subunits, uncoupling protein 2, nuclear NF-κB-p65, and caspase-3 were determined by western blotting. One-way ANOVAs were used for statistical analysis.
resultsLPS successfully activated the microglia, as demonstrated by their morphological and phenotype changes and the significant increase in tumor necrosis factor secretion (P < 0.01). Co-culture with activated microglia significantly up-regulated NADPH oxidase subunits (NOX4, NOX2, and NCF1; P < 0.01) and down-regulated uncoupling protein 2 expression (P < 0.01) in pericytes. Pericyte ROS production increased by 20% in the activated microglia co-cultured group, and was inhibited by pretreatment with diphenyleneiodonium, coenzyme Q
conclusionsOur results are consistent with our hypothesis that activated microglia may promote pericyte apoptosis by enhancing ROS production. Further studies are needed to examine retinal microglia activation and the corresponding changes in pericytes in a rat model of diabetes mellitus.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.