SynthesisMedicine2017
Total bilirubin level may be a biomarker of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of observational studies based on MOOSE compliant.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between physiological serum total bilirubin concentrations and the progression of diabetic nephropathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Association between serum total bilirubin and diabetic kidney disease in US diabetic patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Mendelian randomization study supports the causal association between serum cystatin C and risk of diabetic nephropathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Serum bilirubin is negatively associated with white blood cell count.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2019Article
- Haplotype-based interaction of the PPARGC1A and UCP1 genes is associated with impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes mellitus.Medicine · 2017Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, the number of the studies on the relationship between the total bilirubin level (TBL) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) is increasing, but their results were not consistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to analyze the relationship between TBL and the risk of DN.We searched 5 databases before October 31, 2016, and reviewed the reference list of relevant articles. The fixed or random-effects model was used to pool risk estimates. We conducted the dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between TBL and the risk of DN.Our meta-analysis showed that TBL in the DN group was lower than that in diabetes without the kidney disease (NDN) group (standard mean difference [SMD]: -0.63, 95% CI: -0.80, -0.46). The result of each subgroup also showed that TBL in the DN group was lower than that in the NDN group. The result of meta-regression indicated that duration of diabetes mellitus might be the source of heterogeneity. Our meta-analysis also showed that there was a significant negative relationship between TBL and the risk of DN (OR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.82, 0.90). The results of subgroup analysis were similar to those of SMD; no sources of heterogeneity were detected by meta-regression. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were robust. We observed a linear association between TBL and the risk of DN, and there was a negative dose-response association between TBL and the risk of DN.In conclusion, bilirubin may be used as a biomarker of DN. It helps early diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies on DN.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.