ArticleEndocrine2017
Delayed treatment of undescended testes may promote hypogonadism and infertility.
Article in Endocrine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimal treatment for spermatogenesis in male patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.Medicine · 2019Trial
- Management of Cryptorchidism in Post-pubertal and Adult Age: An Unmet Need in Andrology.Andrology · 2026Article
- Modified shehata surgery vs. laparoscopic One-stage orchiopexy for intra-abdominal cryptorchidism: a comparative retrospective study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Review
- Paternity After Treatment of Cryptorchidism: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluation of testicular function in 1-2-year-old cryptorchid children with alterations of anti-mullerian hormone after various orchidopexy.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Article
- Undescended Testes Growth Potential in Relation to Testis Position from Diagnosis until Puberty.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Stepwise mini-incision microdissection testicular sperm extraction in NOA patients with a history of cryptorchidism: a case-control study.Basic and clinical andrology · 2023Article
- The fate of germ cells in cryptorchid testis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Risk factors on testicular function in adolescents.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Review
- Clinical aspects of histological and hormonal parameters in boys with cryptorchidism: Thesis for PhD degree.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- The Fate of Leydig Cells in Men with Spermatogenic Failure.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Sexual functions and fertility outcomes after hypospadias repair.International journal of impotence research · 2021Review
- [Andrological diagnostics prior to treatment by assisted reproduction].Der Urologe. Ausg. A · 2020Article
- Risk factors affecting post-pubertal high serum follicle-stimulating hormone in patients with hypospadias.World journal of urology · 2019Article
- Postnatal Testicular Activity in Healthy Boys and Boys With Cryptorchidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Hypogonadism and Cryptorchidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Klinefelter syndrome, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes: review of literature and clinical perspectives.Endocrine · 2018Review
- [Rational diagnosis and treatment of male infertility].Der Urologe. Ausg. A · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextUndescended testes at birth may be caused by testosterone deficiency during fetal development. It is unclear whether the process of failed descent contributes to permanent endocrine impairment.
objectivesTo evaluate the impact of age at treatment of undescended testes on endocrine and spermatogenic testicular function in middle-aged men. PATIENTS AND
methodsReproductive hormone and semen data of 357 men with previously undescended testes were evaluated with respect to age at correction of testicular position and compared to those of 709 controls with eutopic testes at birth and normozoospermia.
resultsMen with undescended testes had higher mean Luteinizing Hormone levels (p < 0.0001) and lower mean testosterone levels (p = 0.003) compared to controls. They also had lower bi-testicular volumes, higher Follicle Stimulating Hormone levels, and lower sperm concentrations (all p < 0.0001). Lowest mean sperm concentrations were found in subjects with bilateral undescended testes. Normal sperm concentrations were found in 21 % of cases (in 27 % of men with unilateral and in 12 % with bilateral undescended testes), while oligozoospermia was diagnosed in 44 %, and azoospermia in 35 % (in 28 % with unilateral, 46 % with bilateral undescended testes). Subjects with reduced semen quality had higher gonadotropin levels than those with normozoospermia. Age at correction (median: 6 years (1-39)) was inversely correlated with bi-testicular volumes and sperm concentrations, and positively correlated with FSH and LH, but not with serum testosterone.
conclusionLatent, rarely decompensated hypogonadism is a potential long-term consequence of undescended testes, besides infertility and testicular cancer, preferentially affecting subjects with delayed or unsuccessful correction of testicular position. Impaired Leydig cell function is likely to contribute to compromised fertility. These observations support correction of cryptorchidism during early infancy.
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