ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2017
Real-time measurement of small molecules directly in awake, ambulatory animals.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 198 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
198 citing papers in PubMed, 418 citations in OpenAlex.
- Continuous Molecular Monitoring Using Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors: Remaining Challenges for Long-Term In Vivo Deployment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
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- Electrochemical DNA hairpin sensors for differentiating small molecule intercalation from minor groove binding.Sensors & diagnostics · 2026Article
- In Vivo Continuous Biosensing: Design Considerations and Emerging Technologies.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Adaptive feedback control for the high-precision management of in-tissue drug concentrations.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond Detection Limits: Integrated Biosensors for Molecular Diagnostics, Longitudinal Monitoring, and Clinical Translation.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Aptamer-Based Platforms for Human Aging Biomarkers: Multiplexed Proteomics, Biosensors and Translational Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A Sensitive DNA Bowtie Sensor for Calibration-Free Sex Hormone Detection Using Analyte-DNA Conjugates and Multiple Redox Labels.ACS measurement science au · 2026Article
- AI-Ready Multimodal Wearable Biosensors Beyond Glucose: Biofluid Sampling, Sensor Fusion, and Clinical Translation.Biosensors · 2026Review
- In Vivo Electrochemical Monitoring of Safinamide Pharmacokinetics in the Brain Explores Its Correlation With Vision-Related Neuronal Activity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Real-Time Monitoring of Trastuzumab Monoclonal Antibodies Using Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors.ACS sensors · 2026Article
- Dual-Channel Interdigitated Aptamer-Based Sensors for Rapid Small-Molecule Detection in Biofluids.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- A robust Au-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C anchoring group greatly improves the signal stability of electrochemical aptamer-based sensors forChemical science · 2026Article
- A Minimally Invasive, Subcutaneous Biosensor Reliably Estimates Plasma Methotrexate Exposure and Quantifies Plasma-to-Tissue Transport Kinetics.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Multicompartment Drug Monitoring Reveals Paired Brain-Liver Kinetics and Selective Central Nervous System Barrier Permeability in Rats.ACS sensors · 2026Article
- Multiparametric Bioresorbable Sensor for Doxorubicin Detection via Molecularly Imprinted Synthetic Receptors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Seconds-Resolved Measurements of Vancomycin Transport from the Plasma to the Interstitial Fluid Highlight a Path Towards Real-Time Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Resilient nanostructured bioanalytic microneedle longitudinally monitors preclinical renal and hepatic drug clearance and dysfunction.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- Continuous monitoring of glutamate using electroactive templated polymers as synthetic molecular receptors.The Analyst · 2026Article
- Continuous, Week-Long, Seconds-ResolvedJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
138 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The development of a technology capable of tracking the levels of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in the body continuously and in real time would advance our understanding of health and our ability to detect and treat disease. It would, for example, enable therapies guided by high-resolution, patient-specific pharmacokinetics (including feedback-controlled drug delivery), opening new dimensions in personalized medicine. In response, we demonstrate here the ability of electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors to support continuous, real-time, multihour measurements when emplaced directly in the circulatory systems of living animals. Specifically, we have used E-AB sensors to perform the multihour, real-time measurement of four drugs in the bloodstream of even awake, ambulatory rats, achieving precise molecular measurements at clinically relevant detection limits and high (3 s) temporal resolution, attributes suggesting that the approach could provide an important window into the study of physiology and pharmacokinetics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.