ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2017
Dysbiosis and zonulin upregulation alter gut epithelial and vascular barriers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.
Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03726645 (The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis), which is not on this map. Cited by 194 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), and the Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Gut Microbiota, Gut Wall Inflammation and Clinical Activity of AS
Who cites it
194 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 316 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of probiotic/synbiotic supplementation for overweight or obese children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of probiotic administration on overweight or obese children: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Gut microbiota and Sjögren's syndrome: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Gut dysbiosis in rheumatic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 92 observational studies.EBioMedicine · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of probiotics on intestinal permeability in critically ill children with sepsis: preliminary results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- PlanHab Study: Consequences of combined normobaric hypoxia and bed rest on adenosine kinetics.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- The causal association between Celiac disease and Ankylosing spondylitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.BMC rheumatology · 2026Article
- Increased group 2 Innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) activity in pediatric familial mediterranean fever patients with spondyloarthropathy.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and clinical evidence of dietary patterns in axial spondyloarthritis.Rheumatology international · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Spondyloarthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The potential role of the gut microbiota in the development of autoantibodies associated with Spondyloarthritis: a narrative review.BMC immunology · 2026Review
- Lanzhou Lily (Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Oral delivery of enterocyte-mimetic butyrate-loaded nanoparticles repairs the gut barrier and inhibits growth of digestive system tumors.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A gut vascular barrier damage-based scoring system predicts postoperative outcomes in Crohn's disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Serum LBP and zonulin levels with brain MRS findings and gastrointestinal symptoms in schizophrenia and health.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Single-immunocyte transcriptomics reveal the role of natural killer cell-dependent exogenous antigen presentation in ankylosing spondylitis severity.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Gut dysbiosis and inflammation in patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Enthesitis Related Arthritis: impact of HLA-B27 status.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Of the manuscript: relationship between serum Zonulin level and sarcopenia in Parkinson's disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Observational
- Intestinal Sclerostin Deficiency Links Gut Dysbiosis to Altered Serotonin Homeostasis in Axial Spondyloarthritis.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Oral plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles: a new therapeutic perspective for intestinal diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
134 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDysbiosis has been recently demonstrated in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) but its implications in the modulation of intestinal immune responses have never been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ileal bacteria in modulating local and systemic immune responses in AS.
methodsIleal biopsies were obtained from 50 HLA-B27
resultsAdherent and invasive bacteria were observed in the gut of patients with AS with the bacterial scores significantly correlated with gut inflammation. Impairment of the gut vascular barrier (GVB) was also present in AS, accompanied by significant upregulation of zonulin, and associated with high serum levels of LPS, LPS-BP, iFABP and zonulin. In in vitro studies zonulin altered endothelial tight junctions while its epithelial release was modulated by isolated AS ileal bacteria. AS circulating monocytes displayed an anergic phenotype partially restored by ex vivo stimulation with LPS+sCD14 and their stimulation with recombinant zonulin induced a clear M2 phenotype. Antibiotics restored tight junction function in HLA-B27 TG rats.
conclusionsBacterial ileitis, increased zonulin expression and damaged intestinal mucosal barrier and GVB, characterises the gut of patients with AS and are associated with increased blood levels of zonulin, and bacterial products. Bacterial products and zonulin influence monocyte behaviour.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.