ReviewAnnual review of public health2017
The Changing Epidemiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Review in Annual review of public health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 485 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
485 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The association between screen exposure and autism spectrum disorder in children: meta-analysis.Reviews on environmental health · 2025Pooled it
- Atypical antipsychotics for autism spectrum disorder: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Metal Dyshomeostasis as a Driver of Gut Pathology in Autism Spectrum Disorders.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Pooled it
- miRNAs as biomarkers of autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis by birth weight, gestational age, and size for gestational age: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Association between interpregnancy interval and risk of autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Cortical thickness abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluation of thyroid function tests among children with neurological disorders.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Resting-state EEG power differences in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review.Journal of attention disorders · 2023Pooled it
- Neurometabolite levels in the brains of patients with autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies (N = 1501).Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of suicidality in autistic and possibly autistic people without co-occurring intellectual disability.Molecular autism · 2023Pooled it
- Bibliometric study of neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation targeting personalized fronto-parietal control network improves core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and safety of allogeneic umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells therapy in children with autism spectrum disorder and immune dysregulation: a single-center, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Trial
- Effect of acupuncture on rehabilitation treatment of children with different degrees of autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Trial
- The Physiological and Clinical-Behavioral Effects of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback in Adolescents with Autism: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2024Trial
- Mothers' Ideas About Causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Differences Over Time and by Household Experience with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
425 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with lifelong impacts. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to ASD etiology, which remains incompletely understood. Research on ASD epidemiology has made significant advances in the past decade. Current prevalence is estimated to be at least 1.5% in developed countries, with recent increases primarily among those without comorbid intellectual disability. Genetic studies have identified a number of rare de novo mutations and gained footing in the areas of polygenic risk, epigenetics, and gene-by-environment interaction. Epidemiologic investigations focused on nongenetic factors have established advanced parental age and preterm birth as ASD risk factors, indicated that prenatal exposure to air pollution and short interpregnancy interval are potential risk factors, and suggested the need for further exploration of certain prenatal nutrients, metabolic conditions, and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. We discuss future challenges and goals for ASD epidemiology as well as public health implications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.