Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28068069›Full record

ReviewACS nano2017

Re-Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Smart Nanoscale Therapeutics.

James P K Armstrong, Margaret N Holme, Molly M Stevens

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in ACS nano, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 325 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
325citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

325 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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265 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

James P K ArmstrongDepartment of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0599-0643
Margaret N HolmeDepartment of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
Molly M StevensDepartment of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.

Funding

Arthritis Research UK 21138Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council MR/K026682/1Medical Research Council MR/K026682/1Versus Arthritis 21138Wellcome Trust 098411/Z/12/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a key cell-free strategy for the treatment of a range of pathologies, including cancer, myocardial infarction, and inflammatory diseases. Indeed, the field is rapidly transitioning from promising in vitro reports toward in vivo animal models and early clinical studies. These investigations exploit the high physicochemical stability and biocompatibility of EVs as well as their innate capacity to communicate with cells via signal transduction and membrane fusion. This review focuses on methods in which EVs can be chemically or biologically modified to broaden, alter, or enhance their therapeutic capability. We examine two broad strategies, which have been used to introduce a wide range of nanoparticles, reporter systems, targeting peptides, pharmaceutics, and functional RNA molecules. First, we explore how EVs can be modified by manipulating their parent cells, either through genetic or metabolic engineering or by introducing exogenous material that is subsequently incorporated into secreted EVs. Second, we consider how EVs can be directly functionalized using strategies such as hydrophobic insertion, covalent surface chemistry, and membrane permeabilization. We discuss the historical context of each specific technology, present prominent examples, and evaluate the complexities, potential pitfalls, and opportunities presented by different re-engineering strategies.

Indexed as

AnimalsDrug Delivery SystemsExtracellular VesiclesHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsNanomedicineNanoparticlesPeptidesPharmaceutical PreparationsRNAPeptidesPharmaceutical PreparationsRNAcell-free therapydrug loadingexosomesextracellular vesiclesfunctionalizationgenetic manipulationmembrane modificationmicrovesicles

Identifiers

PMID28068069
PMCPMC5604727

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.