ReviewNeurotoxicology and teratology
Neuroprotection and neurotoxicity in the developing brain: an update on the effects of dexmedetomidine and xenon.
Review in Neurotoxicology and teratology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and narrative synthesis on the histological and neurobehavioral long-term effects of dexmedetomidine.Paediatric anaesthesia · 2019Pooled it
- Caudal block, high flow oxygen insufflation and dexmedetomidine sedation for inguinal hernia surgery in infants-A prospective evaluation of an alternative anesthesia technique.Paediatric anaesthesia · 2025Trial
- Cardiorespiratory tolerance of continuous dexmedetomidine infusion in preterm and term newborn infants: a retrospective cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Anesthetic-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity: Cognitive Sequelae of Early Exposure.Anesthesia and critical care (Houston, Tex.) · 2026Article
- Xenon gas as a potential treatment for opioid use disorder, alcohol use disorder, and related disorders.Medical gas research · 2025Review
- Neuroprotection for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: A review of novel therapies evaluated in clinical studies.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025Review
- Dexmedetomidine Improves Long-term Neurological Outcomes by Promoting Oligodendrocyte Genesis and Myelination in Neonatal Rats Following Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Effects of Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine on Cognitive Dysfunction Following Open-Heart Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.Brain and behavior · 2025Review
- Dexmedetomidine Alleviates the Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Induced by Sevoflurane in the Developing Brain.Developmental neuroscience · 2025Article
- Dexmedetomidine Protects Cortical Neurons from Propofol-Induced Apoptosis via Activation of Akt-IKK-NF-κB Signaling Pathway by αApplied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Early Postnatal Exposure to Midazolam Causes Lasting Histological and Neurobehavioral Deficits via Activation of the mTOR Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- General anesthetic agents induce neurotoxicity through oligodendrocytes in the developing brain.Zoological research · 2024Review
- Sevoflurane Exposure in Neonates Perturbs the Expression Patterns of Specific Genes That May Underly the Observed Learning and Memory Deficits.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Neurotoxic Impact of Individual Anesthetic Agents on the Developing Brain.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Egr2 contributes to age-dependent vulnerability to sevoflurane-induced cognitive deficits in mice.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Dexmedetomidine attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reperfusion-induced inflammation through the miR-17-5p/ TLR4/ NF-κB axis.BMC anesthesiology · 2022Article
- Dexmedetomidine reduces propofol-induced hippocampal neuron injury by modulating the miR-377-5p/Arc pathway.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Article
- Do We Have Viable Protective Strategies against Anesthesia-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Frequencies, Modalities, Doses and Duration of Computerized Prescriptions for Sedative, Analgesic, Anesthetic and Paralytic Drugs in Neonates Requiring Intensive Care: A Prospective Pharmacoepidemiologic Cohort Study in 30 French NICUs From 2014 to 2020.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Dexmedetomidine does not compromise neuronal viability, synaptic connectivity, learning and memory in a rodent model.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Growing and consistent preclinical evidence, combined with early clinical epidemiological observations, suggest potentially neurotoxic effects of commonly used anesthetic agents in the developing brain. This has prompted the FDA to issue a safety warning for all sedatives and anesthetics approved for use in children under three years of age. Recent studies have identified dexmedetomidine, the potent α2-adrenoceptor agonist, and xenon, the noble gas, as effective anesthetic adjuvants that are both less neurotoxic to the developing brain, and also possess neuroprotective properties in neonatal and other settings of acute ongoing neurologic injury. Dexmedetomidine and xenon are effective anesthetic adjuvants that appear to be less neurotoxic than other existing agents and have the potential to be neuroprotective in the neonatal and pediatric settings. Although results from recent clinical trials and case reports have indicated the neuroprotective potential of xenon and dexmedetomidine, additional randomized clinical trials corroborating these studies are necessary. By reviewing both the existing preclinical and clinical evidence on the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine and xenon, we hope to provide insight into the potential clinical efficacy of these agents in the management of pediatric surgical patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.