ArticleThe American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry2017
Gait Speed and Processing Speed as Clinical Markers for Geriatric Health Outcomes.
Article in The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of oral oligopeptide preparation and exercise intervention in older people with sarcopenia: a randomized controlled trial.BMC geriatrics · 2024Trial
- The Effects of Gait Speed and Psychomotor Speed on Risk for Depression and Anxiety in Older Adults with Medical Comorbidities.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2021Trial
- Higher interleukin-6 (IL-6) is associated with decline in psychomotor processing speed but not executive functioning in older adults: Gender-specific effects.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Dose-Response Associations of Grip Strength and Gait Speed With Multidimensional Mental Health.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2025Article
- Influence of Gait Speed on Inter-Joint Coordination in People with and Without Parkinson's Disease.Biosensors · 2025Article
- White matter integrity and motor function: a link between cerebral myelination and longitudinal changes in gait speed in aging.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Positive Changes in Functional Capacity, Muscle Strength and Body Composition after Short Time of Resistance Training Periodization in Older Women: A Quasi-experimental Study.International journal of exercise science · 2025Article
- Motor and cognitive function after unipolar depressive episodes: a 6 years longitudinal observational study.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Combined association of gait speed and processing speed on cardiometabolic disease mortality risk in the US older adults: a prospective cohort study from NHANES.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Adjustability of Gait Speed in Clinics and Free-Living Environments for People With Parkinson's Disease.Journal of movement disorders · 2024Article
- Decrease in Gait Speed Over Time Is Associated With Increase in Number of Depression Symptoms in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Reduced Range of Gait Speed: A Parkinson's Disease-Specific Symptom?Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2023Article
- Predictive Validity of Motor Fitness and Flexibility Tests in Adults and Older Adults: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Influences of dopaminergic system dysfunction on late-life depression.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Evaluating Intrinsic Fall Risk Factors After Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: Distinguishing Fallers From Nonfallers.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2021Article
- Impaired Cognition Predicts Falls Among Women With and Without HIV Infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Walking at work: Maximum gait speed is related to work ability in hospital nursing staff.Journal of occupational health · 2020Article
- Associations of TNF-α -308 G>A and TNF-β 252 A>G with Physical Function and BNP-Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2020Article
- Slowing Symptoms as Early Markers of Decline in Older Adults.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study investigates the independent and combined potential of slowed gait speed and slowed processing speed as predictors of adverse health outcomes. The role of depressive symptoms in these associations is also investigated.
methodsIn the prospective cohort study, using the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam database, three study samples for each outcome variable were defined: persistent cognitive decline (PCD; N = 1,271, 13 years of follow-up), falls (N = 1,282, 6 years of follow-up), and mortality (N = 1,559, age 74.9 ± 5.8, 21 years of follow-up). At baseline, gait speed (6-m walk with a turn at 3 m), processing speed (coding task), depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), and basic demographic data were assessed. Also, time to PCD, falls, and mortality were assessed. Cox (for PCD and mortality) and stratified Cox (for falls) regression models were used.
resultsSlowed processing speed predicted PCD (HR: 7.8; 95% CI: 3.3-18.8), slowed gait speed predicted falls (HR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0-1.5), and both measures predicted mortality (gait speed HR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.6-2.6; processing speed HR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.6-2.4). Each association remained significant after adjusting for the other slowing symptom. Slowed processing speed only predicted falls in the presence of slowed gait (interaction). A slowing sum score that combines both slowing symptoms predicted all three outcomes. The associations were not influenced by depressive symptoms.
conclusionSlowing of thought is as relevant as slowing of movement to predict adverse health outcomes, because they seem to represent separate underlying pathologies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.