ArticleDemography2017
The Unequal Consequences of Mass Incarceration for Children.
Article in Demography, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parental Incarceration, Development, and Well-Being: A Developmental Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Multisite randomized efficacy trial of educational materials for young children with incarcerated parents.Development and psychopathology · 2021Trial
- Parental incarceration and psychiatric disorders, suicidal behavior, risk-taking, and substance misuse events in offspring: A longitudinal within-individual study.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Short-Term Consequences of Parents' Criminal Legal System Involvement for Children's Academic Performance.Children and youth services review · 2026Article
- Stress Proliferation or Stress Relief? Understanding Mothers' Health during Son's Incarceration.Journal of health and social behavior · 2025Article
- Paternal Incarceration and Adolescent Delinquency: Role of Father Engagement and Early Child Behavior Problems.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Article
- Talk of Family: How Institutional Overlap Shapes Family-Related Discourse Across Social Class.The Russell Sage Foundation journal of the social sciences : RSF · 2024Article
- Disparate Effects of Disruptive Events on Children.The Russell Sage Foundation journal of the social sciences : RSF · 2024Article
- Enhancing the Focus: How Does Parental Incarceration Fit into the Overall Picture of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs)?Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Article
- PARENTAL INCARCERATION IN CHILDHOOD AND ADULT INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE PERPETRATION: Race/Ethnicity and Sex Differences.Criminal justice and behavior · 2023Article
- Health of Convicted Persons in the Third Generation of the Longitudinal Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development.International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology · 2023Article
- The Relationship between Youth Police Stops and Depression among Fathers.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
- Entwined life events: The effect of parental incarceration timing on children's academic achievement.Advances in life course research · 2023Article
- State Categories, Bureaucracies of Displacement, and Possibilities from the Margins.American sociological review · 2023Article
- Maternal depression and adolescent optimism.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- Parental Arrest and Child Behavior: Differential Role of Executive Functioning among Racial Subgroups.Journal of child and family studies · 2022Article
- Unequal effects of disruptive events.Sociology compass · 2022Article
- 'We Can't Get No Nine-to-Five': New York City Gang Membership as a Response to the Structural Violence of Everyday Life.Critical criminology · 2022Article
- Getting under the skin: Physiological stress and witnessing paternal arrest in young children with incarcerated fathers.Developmental psychobiology · 2021Article
- The Health and Development of Young Children Who Witnessed Their Parent's Arrest Prior to Parental Jail Incarceration.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A growing literature has documented the mostly deleterious intergenerational consequences of paternal incarceration, but less research has considered heterogeneity in these relationships. In this article, I use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3,065) to estimate the heterogeneous relationship between paternal incarceration and children's problem behaviors (internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and early juvenile delinquency) and cognitive skills (reading comprehension, math comprehension, and verbal ability) in middle childhood. Taking into account children's risk of experiencing paternal incarceration, measured by the social contexts in which children are embedded (e.g., father's residential status, poverty, neighborhood disadvantage) reveals that the consequences-across all outcomes except early juvenile delinquency-are more deleterious for children with relatively low risks of exposure to paternal incarceration than for children with relatively high risks of exposure to paternal incarceration. These findings suggest that the intergenerational consequences of paternal incarceration are more complicated than documented in previous research and, more generally, suggest that research on family inequality consider both differential selection into treatments and differential responses to treatments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.