ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2017
Mean Dietary Salt Intake in Urban and Rural Areas in India: A Population Survey of 1395 Persons.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Randomized Crossover Trial of Acceptability of Quadruple-Fortified Salt in Women and their Households in Southern India.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Hypertension in urban slums of southern India: Burden, awareness, health seeking, control and risk factor profile.Indian heart journalTrial
- Spectrum of Cardiac Complications in Diabetic Patients in Rural Uttar Pradesh, India: A Hospital-Based Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Associations and mediators of estimated sodium intake with cardiovascular mortality: data based on a national population cohort.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Association of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors With Estimated Dietary Salt Consumption in Bangladeshi Adults: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Estimated health benefits, costs, and cost-effectiveness of implementing WHO's sodium benchmarks for packaged foods in India: a modelling study.The Lancet. Public health · 2024Article
- Dietary salt intake and kidney function in rural Senegalese populations: a cross-sectional study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Estimation of dietary intake of sodium, potassium, phosphorus and protein in healthy Indian population and patients with chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Dietary intakes of hypertensive patients in rural India: Secondary outcomes of a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial.Dialogues in health · 2023Article
- Salt Intake Estimation from Urine Samples in South Asian Population: Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Awareness, behavior, and determinants of dietary salt intake in adults: results from the National NCD Monitoring Survey, India.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- India's tryst with salt: Dandi march to low sodium salts.The Indian journal of medical research · 2023Review
- Assessment of 24 h Sodium and Potassium Urinary Excretion in Normotensive and Hypertensive Dominican Adults.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Protocol for the implementation and evaluation of a community-based behavior change intervention to reduce dietary salt intake in India.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2023Article
- Urinary Sodium Excretion and Obesity Markers among Bangladeshi Adult Population: Pooled Data from Three Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Wrangle with hypertension: lowered salt intake may not compromise iodine status among tribes of Central India.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- Article
- Salt intake and salt-reduction strategies in South Asia: From evidence to action.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Review
- Consumption of fruits, vegetables and salt in the context of control of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in Kerala, India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe scientific evidence base in support of population-wide salt reduction is strong, but current high-quality data about salt intake levels in India are mostly absent. This project sought to estimate daily salt consumption levels in selected communities of Delhi and Haryana in north India and Andhra Pradesh in south India. METHODS AND
resultsIn this study, 24-hour urine samples were collected using an age- and sex-stratified sampling strategy in rural, urban, and slum areas. Salt intake estimates were made for the overall population of each region and for major subgroups by weighting the survey data for the populations of Delhi and Haryana, and Andhra Pradesh. Complete 24-hour urine samples were available for 637 participants from Delhi and Haryana and 758 from Andhra Pradesh (65% and 68% response rates, respectively). Weighted mean population 24-hour urine excretion of salt was 8.59 g/day (95% CI 7.68-9.51) in Delhi and Haryana and 9.46 g/day (95% CI 9.06-9.85) in Andhra Pradesh (P=0.097). Estimates inflated to account for the minimum likely nonurinary losses of sodium provided corresponding estimates of daily salt intake of 9.45 g/day (95% CI 8.45-10.46) and 10.41 g/day (95% CI 9.97-10.84), respectively.
conclusionsSalt consumption in India is high, with mean population intake well above the World Health Organization recommended maximum of 5 g/day. A national salt reduction program would likely avert much premature death and disability.
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