Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2017
Feasibility and safety of extended-release naltrexone treatment of opioid and alcohol use disorder in HIV clinics: a pilot/feasibility randomized trial.
Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01908062 (Comparing Treatments for HIV-Infected Opioid and Alcohol Users in an Integrated Care Effectiveness Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparing Treatments for HIV-Infected Opioid and Alcohol Users in an Integrated Care Effectiveness Study
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Alcohol Use Disorder Pharmacotherapies by Sex: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Pooled it
- Sustained-release naltrexone for opioid dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Coordinating Systems of Care for HIV and Opioid Use Disorder: A Systematic Review of Enablers and Barriers to Integrated Service Access, and Systems and Tools Required for Implementation.Medical care research and review : MCRR · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of naltrexone treatment for alcohol use disorders in HIV: a systematic review.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2020Pooled it
- Integration of care for HIV and opioid use disorder.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Extended-release injectable naltrexone for opioid use disorder: a systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2018Pooled it
- A Comparison of Medication-Assisted Treatment Options for Opioid Addiction: A Review of the Literature.Journal of addictions nursingPooled it
- HIV clinic-based extended-release naltrexone versus treatment as usual for people with HIV and opioid use disorder: a non-blinded, randomized non-inferiority trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Trial
- Associations between fentanyl use and initiation, persistence, and retention on medications for opioid use disorder among people living with uncontrolled HIV disease.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Trial
- Integrated stepped alcohol treatment for patients with HIV and liver disease: A randomized trial.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Trial
- Interventions to Reduce Unhealthy Alcohol Use among Primary Care Patients with HIV: the Health and Motivation Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of general internal medicine · 2019Trial
- Integrated stepped alcohol treatment for patients with HIV and alcohol use disorder: a randomised controlled trial.The lancet. HIV · 2019Trial
- Efficacy of Extended-Release Naltrexone on HIV-Related and Drinking Outcomes Among HIV-Positive Patients: A Randomized-Controlled Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2019Trial
- Changes in Specific Substance Involvement Scores among SBIRT recipients in an HIV primary care setting.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2017Trial
- Comorbidities of substance use: Opportunities realized and future needs.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Identifying Extended-Release Naltrexone Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in US Medicaid Data.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Article
- Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of injectable extended-release naltrexone and injectable extended-release buprenorphine for cocaine use disorder (CURB-2): Study rationale and design.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Medication-based treatment among rural, primary care patients diagnosed with opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- IUPHAR Review: New strategies for medications to treat substance use disorders.Pharmacological research · 2024Review
- Implementing a peer-supported, integrated strategy for substance use disorder care in an outpatient infectious disease clinic is associated with improved patient outcomes.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsHIV-infected people with substance use disorders are least likely to benefit from advances in HIV treatment. Integration of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) into HIV clinics may increase engagement in the HIV care continuum by decreasing substance use. We aimed to compare (1) XR-NTX treatment initiation, (2) retention and (3) safety of XR-NTX versus treatment as usual (TAU) for treating opioid use disorder (OUD) and/or alcohol use disorder (AUD) in HIV clinics.
designNon-blinded randomized trial of XR-NTX versus pharmacotherapy TAU.
settingHIV primary care clinics in Vancouver, BC, Canada and Chicago, IL, USA.
participantsFifty-one HIV-infected patients seeking treatment for OUD (n = 16), AUD (n = 27) or both OUD and AUD (n = 8). MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcomes were XR-NTX initiation (receipt of first injection within 4 weeks of randomization) and retention at 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes generated point estimates for change in substance use, HIV viral suppression [HIV RNA polymerase chain reaction (pcr) < 200 copies/ml] and safety.
findingsTwo-thirds (68%) of participants assigned to XR-NTX initiated treatment, and 88% of these were retained on XR-NTX at 16 weeks. In comparison, 96% of TAU participants initiated treatment, but only 50% were retained on medication at 16 weeks. Mean days of opioid use in past 30 days decreased from 17.3 to 4.1 for TAU and from 20.3 to 7.7 for XR-NTX. Mean heavy drinking days decreased from 15.6 to 5.7 for TAU and 12.5 to 2.8 for XR-NTX. Among those with OUD, HIV suppression improved from 67 to 80% for XR-NTX and 58 to 75% for TAU. XR-NTX was well tolerated, with no precipitated withdrawals and one serious injection-site reaction.
conclusionsExtended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) is feasible and safe for treatment of opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder in HIV clinics. Treatment initiation appears to be lower and retention greater for XR-NTX compared with treatment as usual (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01908062).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.