ArticlePLoS pathogens2017
TRIM25 Enhances the Antiviral Action of Zinc-Finger Antiviral Protein (ZAP).
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers.
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Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ubiquitin E3 ligase activity in TRIpartite Motif (TRIM) family proteins.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- A feline coronavirus nucleocapsid protein disrupts ZC3HAV1-viral RNA association to counteract host RNA-level restriction.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Transient Trim25 Knockdown Enhances Transfection Efficiency in Two Teleost Fish Cell Lines.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- TRIM25 enhances hypoxia signaling by catalyzing K11-linked polyubiquitination and stabilization of HIF-α.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- The ISG Atlas: a loss-of-function analysis characterizes antiviral properties of interferon stimulated genes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- SPRY domains encode ubiquitin ligase specificity for ZAP and RIG-I.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Swine TRIM25 inhibits vesicular stomatitis virus replication by activation of type I IFN signaling pathway and binding vRNA.Journal of veterinary science · 2026Article
- m5C RNA methylation is dysregulated by oncogenic herpesviruses via c-Myc signaling to counteract host antiviral factors.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Poxvirus attack of antiviral defense pathways unleashes an effector-triggered NF-κB response.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- KHNYN is a manganese-dependent endoribonuclease required for ZAP-mediated antiviral restriction.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- The RIG-I-like receptor family of immune proteins.Molecular cell · 2025Review
- Understanding off-target growth defects introduced to influenza A virus by synonymous recoding.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Mammalian antiviral proteins ZAP and KHNYN can independently restrict CpG-enriched avian viruses.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Diesel particulate matter-induced proteomic changes in three-dimensional spheroids derived from human primary cells of various tissue origins.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- ARRDC1 inhibits the replication of Semliki Forest virus by regulating the ubiquitination and degradation of viral nsP4.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Mammalian ZAP and KHNYN can independently restrict CpG-enriched avian viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- HIV-2 evades restriction by ZAP through adaptations in the U3 LTR region despite increased CpG levels.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- The vaccinia virus protein, C16, promotes the ubiquitylation and relocalization of the antiviral E3 ubiquitin-ligase, TRIM25.Journal of virology · 2025Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The host factor and interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene (ISG) product, zinc-finger antiviral protein (ZAP), inhibits a number of diverse viruses by usurping and intersecting with multiple cellular pathways. To elucidate its antiviral mechanism, we perform a loss-of-function genome-wide RNAi screen to identify cellular cofactors required for ZAP antiviral activity against the prototype alphavirus, Sindbis virus (SINV). In order to exclude off-target effects, we carry out stringent confirmatory assays to verify the top hits. Important ZAP-liaising partners identified include proteins involved in membrane ion permeability, type I IFN signaling, and post-translational protein modification. The factor contributing most to the antiviral function of ZAP is TRIM25, an E3 ubiquitin and ISG15 ligase. We demonstrate here that TRIM25 interacts with ZAP through the SPRY domain, and TRIM25 mutants lacking the RING or coiled coil domain fail to stimulate ZAP's antiviral activity, suggesting that both TRIM25 ligase activity and its ability to form oligomers are critical for its cofactor function. TRIM25 increases the modification of both the short and long ZAP isoforms by K48- and K63-linked polyubiquitin, although ubiquitination of ZAP does not directly affect its antiviral activity. However, TRIM25 is critical for ZAP's ability to inhibit translation of the incoming SINV genome. Taken together, these data uncover TRIM25 as a bona fide ZAP cofactor that leads to increased ZAP modification enhancing its translational inhibition activity.
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