Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2017
Post-treatment control or treated controllers? Viral remission in treated and untreated primary HIV infection.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vedolizumab and ART in recent HIV-1 infection unveil the role of α4β7 in reservoir size.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Expression of type I interferon-associated genes at antiretroviral therapy interruption predicts HIV virological rebound.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- HIV RNA Rebound in Seminal Plasma after Antiretroviral Treatment Interruption.Journal of virology · 2020Trial
- A randomized controlled safety/efficacy trial of therapeutic vaccination in HIV-infected individuals who initiated antiretroviral therapy early in infection.Science translational medicine · 2017Trial
- Impact of sex differences in adult and paediatric HIV-1 cure.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- A genetic fingerprint associated with durable HIV remission after interruption of antiretroviral treatment: ANRS VISCONTI/PRIMO.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Viral and immune predictors of HIV posttreatment control.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Timing of initiation of anti-retroviral therapy predicts post-treatment control of SIV replication.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV replication in M3+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques initiated on ART two weeks post-infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic Signatures of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Post-Treatment Control.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Impact of antiretroviral therapy in primary HIV infection on natural killer cell function and the association with viral rebound and HIV DNA following treatment interruption.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Approach to the management of paediatric HIV spontaneous controllers.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- How elite controllers and posttreatment controllers inform our search for an HIV-1 cure.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Review
- Unified model of short- and long-term HIV viral rebound for clinical trial planning.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2021Article
- Virologic and Immunologic Features of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Control Post-ART Interruption in Rhesus Macaques.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Review
- Sequential tests of promise with discrete time-to-event data.Contemporary clinical trials · 2019Article
- HIV-1 DNA decay is faster in children who initiate ART shortly after birth than later.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S): An HIV cure will impose aviraemia that is sustained following the withdrawal of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Understanding the efficacy of novel interventions aimed at curing HIV requires characterization of both natural viral control and the effect of ART on viral control after treatment interruption.
designAnalysis of transient viral control in recent seroconverters in the Short Pulse AntiRetroviral Therapy at Acute Seroconversion trial.
methodsWe compared untreated and treated HIV seroconverters (n = 292) and identified periods of control (plasma HIV RNA < 400 copies/ml for ≥16 weeks off therapy) in 7.9% of ART-naive participants, and in 12.0% overall. HIV DNA was measured by qPCR, and HIV-specific CD8 responses were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay (ELISpot). T-cell activation and exhaustion were measured by flow cytometry.
resultsAt baseline, future controllers had lower HIV DNA, lower plasma HIV RNA, higher CD4 : CD8 ratios (all P < 0.001) and higher CD4 cell counts (P < 0.05) than noncontrollers. Among controllers, the only difference between the untreated and those who received ART was higher baseline HIV RNA in the latter (P = 0.003), supporting an added ART effect.
conclusionConsideration of spontaneous remission in untreated individuals will be critical to avoid overestimating the effect size of new interventions used in HIV cure studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.