SynthesisBMC health services research2017
Performance-based financing for improving HIV/AIDS service delivery: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC health services research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Utilisation of Payment Models Across the HIV Continuum of Care: Systematic Review of Evidence.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Implementation Outcomes and Lessons From a Health-Department-Driven Quality-Based Financing Approach to HIV Prevention Programmes in New York City, United States: A Mixed Methods Analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- Evaluating the access and utilization of eyecare services after the adoption of eyecare PBF and its financial sustainability: the case of Rwanda.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- The impact of performance-based financing within local health systems: Evidence from Mozambique.Health economics · 2023Article
- Strengthening HIV and HIV co-morbidity care in low- and middle-income countries: insights from behavioural economics to improve healthcare worker behaviour.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Is Performance-Based Financing A Pathway to Strategic Purchasing in Sub-Saharan Africa? A Synthesis of the Evidence.Health systems and reform · 2022Review
- "It Depends on What They Experience in Each Health Facility. Some Are Satisfied, Others Are Not." A MixedMethods Exploration of Health Workers' Attitudes Towards Performance-Based Financing in Burkina Faso.International journal of health policy and management · 2021Article
- Costs of implementing community-based intervention for HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.Implementation science communications · 2021Review
- Review
- Article
- Towards improved health service quality in Tanzania: appropriateness of an electronic tool to assess quality of primary healthcare.BMC health services research · 2019Article
- Article
- Performance-Based Financing Empowers Health Workers Delivering Prevention of Vertical Transmission of HIV Services and Decreases Desire to Leave in Mozambique.International journal of health policy and management · 2018Article
- Understanding for whom, why and in what circumstances payment for performance works in low and middle income countries: protocol for a realist review.BMJ global health · 2018Article
- Evidence gap map of performance measurement and management in primary care delivery systems in low- and middle-income countries - Study protocol.Gates open research · 2018Article
- Determinants of time from HIV infection to linkage-to-care in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough domestic HIV/AIDS financing is increasing, international HIV/AIDS financing has plateaued. Providing incentives for the health system (i.e. performance-based financing [PBF]) may help countries achieve more with available resources. We systematically reviewed effects of PBF on HIV/AIDS service delivery to inform WHO guidelines.
methodsPubMed, WHO Index Medicus, conference databases, and clinical trial registries were searched in April 2015 for randomised trials, comparative contemporaneous studies, or time-series studies. Studies evaluating PBF in people with HIV were included when they reported service quality, access, or cost. Meta-analyses were not possible due to limited data. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42015023207.
resultsFour studies, published from 2009 to 2015 and including 173,262 people, met the eligibility criteria. All studies were from Sub-Saharan Africa. PBF did not improve individual testing coverage (relative risk [RR], 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89 to 1.13), improved couples testing coverage (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.20), and improved pregnant women testing coverage (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.28-1.30). PBF improved coverage of antiretrovirals in pregnant women (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.50 to 1.59), infants (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.84 to 2.01), and adults (RR 1.74, 1.64 to 1.85). PBF reduced attrition (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.96) and treatment failure (odds ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.97). Potential harms were not reported.
conclusionsAlthough the limited data suggests PBF positively affected HIV service access and quality, critical health system and governance knowledge gaps remain. More research is needed to inform national policymaking.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.