ArticlePloS one2017
BMI and WHR Are Reflected in Female Facial Shape and Texture: A Geometric Morphometric Image Analysis.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Calibrated Morphs to Facial Stimuli: The Beauty of a Statistically Informed Picture.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Testosterone mediates life-history trade-offs in female mammals.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025Review
- Association between the three-dimensional facial shape and its color in a boundary group of young to middle-aged Asian women.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- A megastudy on the predictability of personal information from facial images: Disentangling demographic and non-demographic signals.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Influence of the nutritional status on facial morphology in young Japanese women.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Use of Facial Morphology to Determine Nutritional Status in Older Adults: Opportunities and Challenges.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Shape Prediction of Nasal Bones by Digital 2D-Photogrammetry of the Nose Based on Convolution and Back-Propagation Neural Network.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- Development and Internal Validation of a Nomogram to Predict Mortality During the ICU Stay of Thoracic Fracture Patients Without Neurological Compromise: An Analysis of the MIMIC-III Clinical Database.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Predicting Obesity Using Facial Pictures during COVID-19 Pandemic.BioMed research international · 2021Article
- American and Korean Perceptions of Sex Differences in Deception.Evolutionary psychology : an international journal of evolutionary approaches to psychology and behavior · 2020Article
- Facial aging trajectories: A common shape pattern in male and female faces is disrupted after menopause.American journal of physical anthropology · 2019Article
- Differences in heritability of craniofacial skeletal and dental characteristics between hypo- and hyper-divergent patterns using Falconer's method and principal component analysis.The Angle orthodontist · 2019Article
- Influence of heritability on craniofacial soft tissue characteristics of monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, and their siblings using Falconer's method and principal components analysis.Korean journal of orthodontics · 2019Article
- How does the femoral cortex depend on bone shape? A methodology for the joint analysis of surface texture and shape.Medical image analysis · 2018Article
- Body size and allometric variation in facial shape in children.American journal of physical anthropology · 2018Article
- Facial Adiposity, Attractiveness, and Health: A Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Facial markers of body composition are frequently studied in evolutionary psychology and are important in computational and forensic face recognition. We assessed the association of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with facial shape and texture (color pattern) in a sample of young Middle European women by a combination of geometric morphometrics and image analysis. Faces of women with high BMI had a wider and rounder facial outline relative to the size of the eyes and lips, and relatively lower eyebrows. Furthermore, women with high BMI had a brighter and more reddish skin color than women with lower BMI. The same facial features were associated with WHR, even though BMI and WHR were only moderately correlated. Yet BMI was better predictable than WHR from facial attributes. After leave-one-out cross-validation, we were able to predict 25% of variation in BMI and 10% of variation in WHR by facial shape. Facial texture predicted only about 3-10% of variation in BMI and WHR. This indicates that facial shape primarily reflects total fat proportion, rather than the distribution of fat within the body. The association of reddish facial texture in high-BMI women may be mediated by increased blood pressure and superficial blood flow as well as diet. Our study elucidates how geometric morphometric image analysis serves to quantify the effect of biological factors such as BMI and WHR to facial shape and color, which in turn contributes to social perception.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.