ReviewClinical and translational medicine2017
A current perspective on cancer immune therapy: step-by-step approach to constructing the magic bullet.
Review in Clinical and translational medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-Treatment with Dacarbazine Sensitizes B16 Melanoma to CAR T Cell Therapy in Syngeneic Mouse Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Emergence, function, and therapeutic strategies to target the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint during pathogenic fungal infections.Virulence · 2025Review
- Investigating T Cell Immune Dynamics and IL-6's Duality in a Microfluidic Lung Tumor Model.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Cancer Antibody Engineering: Comparison of Mammalian, Yeast, Bacterial, Plants, Cell-free and Hybridoma Expression Systems.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMV)-Encapsulated TiONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The evolution of cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review of its history and current perspectives.Korean journal of clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Promising dawn in tumor microenvironment therapy: engineering oral bacteria.International journal of oral science · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy in Older Patients with Cancer: A Narrative Review.International journal of general medicine · 2024Review
- In Situ Nitric Oxide Gas Nanogenerator Reprograms Glioma Immunosuppressive Microenvironment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- A Tumor-suppressive Molecular Axis EP300/circRERE/miR-6837-3p/MAVS Activates Type I IFN Pathway and Antitumor Immunity to Suppress Colorectal Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2023Article
- Cross-cohort analysis identified an immune checkpoint-based signature to predict the clinical outcomes of neuroblastoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- A Review of RRx-001: A Late-Stage Multi-Indication Inhibitor of NLRP3 Activation and Chronic Inflammation.Drugs · 2023Review
- The role of APOBEC3C in modulating the tumor microenvironment and stemness properties of glioma: evidence from pancancer analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Review
- Immunotherapy for glioblastoma: the promise of combination strategies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
- Pan-cancer methylation analysis reveals an inverse correlation of tumor immunogenicity with methylation aberrancy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Nanoparticle-mediated synergistic chemoimmunotherapy for tailoring cancer therapy: recent advances and perspectives.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Review
- Nanomaterials-Mediated Immunomodulation for Cancer Therapeutics.Frontiers in chemistry · 2021Review
- PD-1 inhibition in patient derived tissue cultures of human gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma.Oncoimmunology · 2021Article
- Assessment of Immune Status in Dynamics for Patients with Cancer Undergoing Immunotherapy.Journal of oncology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy is the new trend in cancer treatment due to the selectivity, long lasting effects, and demonstrated improved overall survival and tolerance, when compared to patients treated with conventional chemotherapy. Despite these positive results, immunotherapy is still far from becoming the perfect magic bullet to fight cancer, largely due to the facts that immunotherapy is not effective in all patients nor in all cancer types. How and when will immunotherapy overcome these hurdles? In this review we take a step back to walk side by side with the pioneers of immunotherapy in order to understand what steps need to be taken today to make immunotherapy effective across all cancers. While early scientists, such as Coley, elicited an unselective but effective response against cancer, the search for selectivity pushed immunotherapy to the side in favor of drugs focused on targeting cancer cells. Fortunately, the modern era would revive the importance of the immune system in battling cancer by releasing the brakes or checkpoints (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1) that have been holding the immune system at bay. However, there are still many hurdles to overcome before immunotherapy becomes a universal cancer therapy. For example, we discuss how the redundant and complex nature of the immune system can impede tumor elimination by teeter tottering between different polarization states: one eliciting anti-cancer effects while the other promoting cancer growth and invasion. In addition, we highlight the incapacity of the immune system to choose between a fight or repair action with respect to tumor growth. Finally we combine these concepts to present a new way to think about the immune system and immune tolerance, by introducing two new metaphors, the "push the accelerator" and "repair the car" metaphors, to explain the current limitations associated with cancer immunotherapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.