ArticleMolecular vision2016
Somatostatin protects photoreceptor cells against high glucose-induced apoptosis.
Article in Molecular vision, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroprotection in Early Diabetic Retinal Disease Using Eyedrop Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Role of Growth Hormone (GH) and Other Somatotropic Axis Elements in Retinal Neuroprotection.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- The Role and Diagnostic Potential of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 in Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A review of the 661W cell line as a tool to facilitate treatment development for retinal diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- GLCCI1 alleviates GRP78-initiated endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in diabetic retinopathy by upregulating and interacting with HSP90AB1.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Mechanistic insights into the alterations and regulation of the AKT signaling pathway in diabetic retinopathy.Cell death discovery · 2023Review
- Gene Networks of Hyperglycemia, Diabetic Complications, and Human Proteins Targeted by SARS-CoV-2: What Is the Molecular Basis for Comorbidity?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Interleukin-17A attenuates photoreceptor cell apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse model.Bioengineered · 2022Article
- Edaravone prevents high glucose-induced injury in retinal Müller cells through thioredoxin1 and the PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM pathway.Pharmaceutical biology · 2021Article
- Neurovascular Unit: A New Target for Treating Early Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- PACAP for Retinal Health: Model for Cellular Aging and Rescue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Effect of Topical Administration of Somatostatin on Retinal Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Model of Diabetes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Neurodegenerative Susceptibility During Maternal Nutritional Programing: Are Central and Peripheral Innate Immune Training Relevant?Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Review
- Curcumin Improves Chronic Pain Induced Depression Through Regulating Serum Metabolomics in a Rat Model of Trigeminal Neuralgia.Journal of pain research · 2020Article
- Spermine oxidase: A promising therapeutic target for neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy.Pharmacological research · 2019Review
- The HD-OCT Study May Be Useful in Searching for Markers of Preclinical Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Neuroprotective Peptides in Retinal Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- IGF-1, Inflammation and Retinal Degeneration: A Close Network.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeMany cellular and molecular studies in experimental animals and early retinal function tests in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) have shown that retinal neurodegeneration is an early event in the pathogenesis of the disease. Somatostatin (SST) is one of the most important neuroprotective factors synthesized by the retina: SST levels are decreased in parallel to retinal neurodegeneration in early stages of DR. In this study, we characterized the induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in a 661W photoreceptor-like cell line cultured under high glucose (HG) conditions and the effect of SST.
methodsA 661W photoreceptor-like cell line and retinal explants from 10-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were cultured under HG conditions and treated with SST.
resultsHyperglycemia significantly reduced the cellular viability by increasing the percentage of apoptotic cells, and this effect was ameliorated by SST (p˂0.05). Activation of caspase-8 by hyperglycemia was found in the 661W cells and retinal explants and decreased in the presence of SST (p˂0.05). Moreover, we detected activation of calpain-2 associated with hyperglycemia-induced cell death, as well as increased protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) protein levels; both had a pattern of cleavage that was absent in the presence of SST (p˂0.05). Treatment of the 661W cells and retinal explants with SST for 24 h increased the phosphorylation of type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR; tyrosine 1165/1166) and protein kinase B (Akt; serine 473), suggesting this survival signaling is activated in the neuroretina by SST (p˂0.05).
conclusionsThis study has provided new mechanistic insights first into the involvement of calpain-2 and PTP1B in the loss of cell survival and increased caspase-8-dependent apoptosis induced by hyperglycemia in photoreceptor cells and second, on the protective effect of SST against apoptosis by the enhancement of IGF-IR-mediated Akt phosphorylation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28050125PMC5204461W2570254775What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.