Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2017
Impact of short-chain galactooligosaccharides on the gut microbiome of lactose-intolerant individuals.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 230 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Prebiotic and Probiotic Supplementation on Lactase Deficiency and Lactose Intolerance: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- A human milk oligosaccharide alters the microbiome, circulating hormones, and metabolites in a randomized controlled trial of older adults.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Circulatory amino acid responses to milk consumption in dairy and lactose intolerant individuals.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Enterolignan Production in a Flaxseed Intervention Study in Postmenopausal US Women of African Ancestry and European Ancestry.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Dairy product intake modifies gut microbiota composition among hyperinsulinemic individuals.European journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Galacto-Oligosaccharide RP-G28 Improves Multiple Clinical Outcomes in Lactose-Intolerant Patients.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Effects ofNutrients · 2019Trial
- A prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response relationship study to investigate efficacy of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) on human gut microflora.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Trial
- [A machine learning model based on initial gut microbiome data for predicting changes of Bifidobacterium after prebiotics consumption].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Gut microbiomes of tribal communities in India vary with dairy and grain consumption.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Observational
- Distinct Clinical Phenotypes in Lactase Nonpersistence: Symptomatic, Asymptomatic, and Gassy-Asymptomatic.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota: A Potential Role in Modulating Carcinogenesis and Response to Anti-Cancer Therapies.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Natural and Biological Products Therapeutic Potential in Restoring Gut Microbiome: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Bifidobacterium's Influential Role in the Battle Against Obesity: Going Beyond Probiotics.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Review
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Directed modulation of the colonic bacteria to metabolize lactose effectively is a potentially useful approach to improve lactose digestion and tolerance. A randomized, double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled trial conducted in human subjects demonstrated that administration of a highly purified (>95%) short-chain galactooligosaccharide (GOS), designated "RP-G28," significantly improved clinical outcomes for lactose digestion and tolerance. In these individuals, stool samples were collected pretreatment (day 0), after GOS treatment (day 36), and 30 d after GOS feeding stopped and consumption of dairy products was encouraged (day 66). In this study, changes in the fecal microbiome were investigated using 16S rRNA amplicon pyrosequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR. At day 36, bifidobacterial populations were increased in 27 of 30 of GOS subjects (90%), demonstrating a bifidogenic response in vivo. Relative abundance of lactose-fermenting Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus were significantly increased in response to GOS. When dairy was introduced into the diet, lactose-fermenting Roseburia species increased from day 36 to day 66. The results indicated a definitive change in the fecal microbiome of lactose-intolerant individuals, increasing the abundance of lactose-metabolizing bacteria that were responsive to dietary adaptation to GOS. This change correlated with clinical outcomes of improved lactose tolerance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.