ArticlePloS one2017
Pharmaceutical Metabolism in Fish: Using a 3-D Hepatic In Vitro Model to Assess Clearance.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipidome and Gene Expression Profiling in Zebrafish Liver Spheroids: A 3D Model for Environmental Toxicology Applications.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Review
- Effects of Age and Exposure Duration on the Sensitivity of Early Life Stage Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) to Waterborne Propranolol Exposure.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2024Article
- Predicting the Accumulation of Ionizable Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Aquatic and Terrestrial Organisms.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2024Article
- Big Question to Developing Solutions: A Decade of Progress in the Development of Aquatic New Approach Methodologies from 2012 to 2022.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2024Article
- Review
- A Step Forward in the Characterization of Primary Brown Trout Hepatocytic Spheroids as Experimental Models.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Determination of 15 human pharmaceutical residues in fish and shrimp tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2022Article
- Biotransformation Potential of Cationic Surfactants in Fish Assessed with Rainbow Trout Liver S9 Fractions.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2021Article
- Development of 3D cultures of zebrafish liver and embryo cell lines: a comparison of different spheroid formation methods.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2021Article
- Liver organoids in domestic animals: an expected promise for metabolic studies.Veterinary research · 2021Review
- Matrix Softness-Mediated 3D Zebrafish Hepatocyte Modulates Response to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals.Environmental science & technology · 2020Article
- Article
- TPC2-mediated CaDevelopmental biology · 2018Article
- Establishment and long-term maintenance of primary intestinal epithelial cells cultured from the rainbow trout,Biology open · 2018Article
- Effects of dissolved organic matter, feeding, and water flow on the bioconcentration of diclofenac in crucian carp (Carassius auratus).Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
- Spheroid Size Does not Impact Metabolism of the β-blocker Propranolol in 3D Intestinal Fish Model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Article
- Investigations to extend viability of a rainbow trout primary gill cell culture.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
At high internal doses, pharmaceuticals have the potential for inducing biological/pharmacological effects in fish. One particular concern for the environment is their potential to bioaccumulate and reach pharmacological levels; the study of these implications for environmental risk assessment has therefore gained increasing attention. To avoid unnecessary testing on animals, in vitro methods for assessment of xenobiotic metabolism could aid in the ecotoxicological evaluation. Here we report the use of a 3-D in vitro liver organoid culture system (spheroids) derived from rainbow trout to measure the metabolism of seven pharmaceuticals using a substrate depletion assay. Of the pharmaceuticals tested, propranolol, diclofenac and phenylbutazone were metabolised by trout liver spheroids; atenolol, metoprolol, diazepam and carbamazepine were not. Substrate depletion kinetics data was used to estimate intrinsic hepatic clearance by this spheroid model, which was similar for diclofenac and approximately 5 fold higher for propranolol when compared to trout liver microsomal fraction (S9) data. These results suggest that liver spheroids could be used as a relevant and metabolically competent in vitro model with which to measure the biotransformation of pharmaceuticals in fish; and propranolol acts as a reproducible positive control.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.