ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2017
Contextual and Psychosocial Determinants of Effective Handwashing Technique: Recommendations for Interventions from a Case Study in Harare, Zimbabwe.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk Perception and Psychosocial Factors Influencing Exposure to Antimicrobial Resistance through Environmental Pathways in Malawi.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Effect of community-led total sanitation on open defecation in Uganda: A propensity score-matched analysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Quantifying Factors Associated with Personal Hygiene as Measured by the qPHAT Methodology: Andilaye Trial, Ethiopia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Water and Handwashing in a Drought-Prone Region of Southern Niger: How Environment, Household Infrastructure, and Exposure to Social and Behavior Change Messages Interact.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
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- Analysis of Gender-Dependent Personal Protective Behaviors in a National Sample: Polish Adolescents' COVID-19 Experience (PLACE-19) Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Improving Complementary Food Hygiene Behaviors Using the Risk, Attitude, Norms, Ability, and Self-Regulation Approach in Rural Malawi.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Toward Complementary Food Hygiene Practices among Child Caregivers in Rural Malawi.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- A multimodal intervention to improve hand hygiene compliance via social cognitive influences among kindergarten teachers in China.PloS one · 2019Article
- Impact of In-Home Handwashing Stations on Hand Hygiene During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Unpiped Rural Alaska Native Homes.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Handwashing has been shown to considerably reduce diarrhea morbidity and mortality. To decontaminate hands effectively, the use of running water, soap, and various scrubbing steps are recommended. This study aims to identify the behavioral determinants of effective handwashing. Everyday handwashing technique of 434 primary caregivers in high-density suburbs of Harare, Zimbabwe, was observed and measured as an 8-point sum score of effective handwashing technique. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to predict observed handwashing technique from potential contextual and psychosocial determinants. Knowledge of how to wash hands effectively, availability of a handwashing station with functioning water tap, self-reported frequency of handwashing, perceived vulnerability, and action planning were the main determinants of effective handwashing technique. The models were able to explain 39% and 36% of the variance in overall handwashing technique and thoroughness of handscrubbing. Memory aids and guided practice are proposed to consolidate action knowledge, and personalized risk messages should increase the perceived vulnerability of contracting diarrhea. Planning where, when, and how to maintain a designated place for handwashing with sufficient soap and water is proposed to increase action planning. Since frequent self-reported handwashing was associated with performing more effective handwashing technique, behavior change interventions should target both handwashing frequency and technique concurrently.
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