ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2017
A Cognitive Turning Point in Development of Clinical Alzheimer's Disease Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Biracial Population Study.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tau PET positivity predicts clinically relevant cognitive decline driven by Alzheimer's disease compared to comorbid cases; proof of concept in the ADNI study.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Statin Initiation and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease and Cognitive Decline in Genetically Susceptible Older Adults.Neurology · 2024Article
- Examination of race and gender differences in predictors of neuropsychological decline and development of Alzheimer's disease.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2022Article
- A Bayesian hierarchical change point model with parameter constraints.Statistical methods in medical research · 2021Article
- Risk of progression from subjective cognitive decline to mild cognitive impairment: The role of study setting.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2018Article
- Terminal decline of episodic memory and perceptual speed in a biracial population.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2018Article
- Secular Trends in Cognitive Performance in Older Black and White U.S. Adults, 1993-2012: Findings From the Chicago Health and Aging Project.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Cognitive changes during the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia have been characterized among European Americans (EAs), but studies of preclinical changes among African Americans (AAs) are notably absent. Methods: Preclinical changes in cognition before the development of AD dementia and mild cognitive impairment over a period of 18 years were examined using change points in a biracial sample of 2,125 older adults. Results: Of 2,125 participants, 442 (21%) developed AD dementia and 661 (31%) developed mild cognitive impairment. A cognitive change point occurred between 4 and 5 years before the clinical diagnosis of AD dementia. Differences between AAs and EAs were observed: EAs had a higher starting level of composite cognitive function, and a change point occurred 4.3 years before AD dementia among AAs and 4.7 years among EAs. The slope of cognitive decline after the change point among those developing clinical AD dementia was significantly greater among EAs (0.233 units/y) than among AAs (0.171 units/y; p < .001). This difference in slope of cognitive decline persisted after diagnosis of AD dementia so that at the conclusion of observation the difference in average cognitive level was reversed. AAs without cognitive impairment had a lower average baseline of cognition than EAs, but the slopes of cognitive decline were similar. Conclusions: A prominent change to a steeper slope of cognitive decline occurs between 4 and 5 years prior to the diagnosis of AD dementia. The slope of cognitive decline after the change point is steeper among EAs than AAs.
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