ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2016
Antiviral Medications in Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza.
Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic literature review on public health and healthcare resources for pandemic preparedness planning.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Increasing Influenza Vaccination Rates in People With Chronic Illness.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2019Pooled it
- Genetic characterization of influenza B virus and oseltamivir resistance in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections: a cross-sectional study.Virus genes · 2025Article
- T-705-Derived Prodrugs Show High Antiviral Efficacies against a Broad Range of Influenza A Viruses with Synergistic Effects When Combined with Oseltamivir.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Sex differences in factors influencing hospital-acquired pneumonia in schizophrenia patients receiving modified electroconvulsive therapy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Non-COVID-19 respiratory viral infection.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2022Review
- Bifunctional Inhibitors of Influenza Virus Neuraminidase: Molecular Design of a Sulfonamide Linker.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Point-of-care testing for influenza in a university emergency department: A prospective study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2021Article
- From virus to inflammation, how influenza promotes lung damage.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2021Review
- The evolution and future of influenza pandemic preparedness.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza: options, antiviral susceptibility, and existing recommendations.GMS infectious diseases · 2021Review
- [Influenza].Der Internist · 2019Review
- Cost-Benefit Analysis of Real-Time Influenza Testing for Patients in German Emergency Rooms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Rapid Point-of-Care Influenza Testing for Patients in German Emergency Rooms - A Cost-Benefit Analysis.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2019Article
- Impact of Obesity on Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis, Immune Response, and Evolution.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2017Article
- In Reply.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2017Article
- Open Questions.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2017Article
- Unnecessary and Expensive Therapy.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on byOpen Questions.2017
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAmantadine, oseltamivir, and zanamivir are currently available in Germany for the prevention and treatment of influenza. We review their efficacy and side-effect profiles.
methodsThis review is based on pertinent randomized and controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews retrieved by a systematic literature search, and on other relevant literature.
resultsThe efficacy of antiviral drugs for the prevention of symptomatic influenza ranges from 60% to 90% (number needed to treat [NNT], 8-89) depending on the population and type of drug in question. Antiviral drugs shorten the duration of illness by 0.5-1.5 days when given within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. Neuraminidase inhibitors do not significantly lower the incidence of bronchitis in adults, or of otitis media in children; they do have a positive effect against reported, but not necessarily diagnostically confirmed pneumonia in adults (NNT, 89 [50-232]). The RCTs yielded no information about possible effects on severe cases of influenza, or on mortality, as they included only mildly or moderately ill patients, but observational studies have yielded some evidence of benefit. The most common side effects of oseltamivir (>10%) are headache, nausea, and vomiting; of zanamivir (>1%), a skin rash; and of amantadine (>1%), loss of appetite, nausea, and central nervous effects.
conclusionThe benefits of antiviral drugs, particularly neuraminidase inhibitors, outweigh their risks. In deciding whether to use them, physicians should consider the properties of the currently circulating viruses and the patient's individual risk constellation, as directed in clinical treatment recommendations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.