ArticleCell2017
Inhibition of CRISPR-Cas9 with Bacteriophage Proteins.
Article in Cell, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 259 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
259 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- CRISPR-Cas systems as next-generation antimicrobials: a systemic review of mechanisms, delivery strategies, and translational challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Strategies and mechanisms of precision genome engineering: From gene editing to genome writing.iMetaOmics · 2026Review
- Dynamic balance of CRISPR-Cas immunity and resistance plasmid anti-immunity mediated by a bifunctional protein AcrIE10.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Multi-level precise regulation of gene transcription in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on light-sensitive CRISPR/Cas systems.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Horizontal Gene Transfer inBiology · 2026Review
- SauCas9-based cell cycle-dependent genome editing via AAV delivery.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Balancing of immune activation and suppression during phage infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Prime Editing, CRISPR-Cas9, and NanoCas Genome Editing for Cancer Treatment.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- Optimized optogenetic anti-CRISPR for endogenous gene regulation in Drosophila.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- CRISPR-anti-CRISPR dynamics: evolutionary, ecological and biotechnological perspectives.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- AcrIIA7 hijacks tracrRNA to block CRISPR-Cas system.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Engineered Bacteriophages: A Next-Generation Platform for Precision Antimicrobials and Therapeutics.Viruses · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Coevolutionary Dynamics of Phage and Bacterial Protein Warfare Occurring in the Drains of Beef-Processing Plants.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- An anti-CRISPR targets the sgRNA to block Cas9 and guides the design of enhanced genome editors.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- Molecular Characterization ofInternational journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Phage-associated Cas12p nucleases require binding to bacterial thioredoxin for activation and cleavage of target DNA.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- A Modular and Customizable CRISPR/Cas Toolkit for Epigenome Editing of Cis-regulatory Modules.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- CRISPR-Cas9 in leukemia immunotherapy: precision engineering of CAR-T cells and tumor-microenvironment modulation.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Controlling CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in human cells using a molecular glue degrader.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Protective antigen-mediated delivery of an anti-CRISPR protein for precision genome editing.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
199 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems utilize sequence-specific RNA-guided nucleases to defend against bacteriophage infection. As a countermeasure, numerous phages are known that produce proteins to block the function of class 1 CRISPR-Cas systems. However, currently no proteins are known to inhibit the widely used class 2 CRISPR-Cas9 system. To find these inhibitors, we searched cas9-containing bacterial genomes for the co-existence of a CRISPR spacer and its target, a potential indicator for CRISPR inhibition. This analysis led to the discovery of four unique type II-A CRISPR-Cas9 inhibitor proteins encoded by Listeria monocytogenes prophages. More than half of L. monocytogenes strains with cas9 contain at least one prophage-encoded inhibitor, suggesting widespread CRISPR-Cas9 inactivation. Two of these inhibitors also blocked the widely used Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 when assayed in Escherichia coli and human cells. These natural Cas9-specific "anti-CRISPRs" present tools that can be used to regulate the genome engineering activities of CRISPR-Cas9.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.