ArticleOncotarget2017
Combining vasculature disrupting agent and Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist for cancer therapy.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gardiquimod Nanoemulsion Targets Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesions Reducing Systemic Toxicity and Parasite Burden.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Evaluating Immune Activation Feasibility in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma via Oxygen Bubble-Induced Anti-Vascular Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Exosomes as key mediators in immune and cancer cell interactions: insights in melanoma progression and therapy.Archives of dermatological research · 2025Review
- Engineering Nanoparticles to Modulate Extracellular Matrix and Immune Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Immunotherapy.Biomaterials research · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy with STING and TLR9 agonists promotes synergistic therapeutic efficacy with suppressed cancer-associated fibroblasts in colon carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Innate and Adaptive Responses of Intratumoral Immunotherapy with Endosomal Toll-Like Receptor Agonists.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Nanoparticles mediated tumor microenvironment modulation: current advances and applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
- The Role of Toll-like Receptor Agonists and Their Nanomedicines for Tumor Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- The application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy: Targeting tumor microenvironment.Bioactive materials · 2021Review
- Employing Drug Delivery Strategies to Overcome Challenges Using TLR7/8 Agonists for Cancer Immunotherapy.The AAPS journal · 2021Review
- Co-Administration of Vadimezan and Recombinant Coagulase-NGR Inhibits Growth of Melanoma Tumor in Mice.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2021Article
- Polymeric nanoparticle vaccines to combat emerging and pandemic threats.Biomaterials · 2021Review
- Polydopamine-Mesoporous Silica Core-Shell Nanoparticles for Combined Photothermal Immunotherapy.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2020Article
- Immunostimulatory TLR7 agonist-nanoparticles together with checkpoint blockade for effective cancer immunotherapy.Advanced therapeutics · 2020Article
- The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Oncotherapy.Oncology research · 2019Review
- Article
- Co-delivery of Dual Toll-Like Receptor Agonists and Antigen in Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic) Acid/Polyethylenimine Cationic Hybrid Nanoparticles Promote EfficientFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study evaluates the effect of combination of two different treatment regimens for solid tumor therapy: vasculature targeting agent and immune-stimulation. Poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles were synthesized for intracellular delivery of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist-gardiquimod. Spherical and mono-disperse gardiquimod encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles (Gardi-PLGA), approximately 194 nm in size were formulated. Gardi-PLGA induced immune-stimulation, and vasculature disrupting agent (VDA)-5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) was used in combination to assessing the influence on bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and B16-F10 melanoma cells. The combination treatment significantly increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating their activation in BMDCs, while melanoma cells remained viable. Further, mice melanoma model was established, and DMXAA was administered intraperitoneally and Gardi-PLGA was administered via an intra-tumoral injection. The combination treatments strategy significantly inhibited tumor growth as shown by tumor volume analysis, and the survival rate of the mice was found to be 63.6% (n = 11), after 54 days of tumor inoculation. Immunohistochemical findings of tumor sections treated with DMXAA confirmed the in vivo vasculature disruption. Thus, the inhibition of tumor growth can be attributed to the synergistic effect of immune stimulation caused by DC activation and vasculature disruption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.