ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2017
A Risk Assessment Tool for Identifying Pregnant and Postpartum Women Who May Benefit From Preexposure Prophylaxis.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Risk-Based Screening Tools to Optimise HIV Testing Services: a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2022Pooled it
- Risk scores for predicting HIV incidence among adult heterosexual populations in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Pooled it
- Data-informed Stepped Care (DiSC) to improve adolescent and young adult HIV care outcomes in Kenya: a cluster randomized trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Trial
- Brief Report: HIV Risk Perception and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Pregnant Women Offered Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis During Antenatal Care in Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Trial
- Drug Concentrations in Hair and Dried Blood Spots as Preexposure Prophylaxis Adherence Metrics During Pregnancy and Postpartum.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Risk-based versus universal PrEP delivery during pregnancy: a cluster randomized trial in Western Kenya from 2018 to 2019.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Early Adopters of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis in a Population-based Combination Prevention Study in Rural Kenya and Uganda.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Prevention Effective Practice: Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Proposed Composite Outcome for Status-Neutral HIV Prevention Research.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Development of a Self-administered Sexual Behavior Assessment Tool to Facilitate Self-reflection by Young Women in South Africa About HIV/STI Risk.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Long-Acting HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Preferences Through Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period Among Women in Kenya: A Latent Transition Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Evaluating the safety of prenatal HIV PrEP use: Perinatal outcomes from three cohort studies in Western Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of peer-led assessment of HIV risk among female sex workers in Zimbabwe.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of a Novel Risk Calculator to Predict Sub-optimal HIV Outcomes Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women with HIV in Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Supporting Oral and Long-Acting HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Decision-Making Among Pregnant Women (MyChoice Intervention): Protocol for 2 Pilot Randomized Controlled Trials.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Diagnostic performance of HIV risk assessment tools for identifying pre-exposure prophylaxis candidates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Postpartum women's prospective acceptability of long-acting HIV prevention approaches in Kenya: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk assessment tool for pregnant women could identify women who would most benefit from preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) while minimizing unnecessary PrEP exposure. Methods: Data from a prospective study of incident HIV among pregnant/postpartum women in Kenya were randomly divided into derivation (n = 654) and validation (n = 650) cohorts. A risk score was derived using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and standard clinical prediction rules. Ability of the tool to predict maternal HIV acquisition was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC) and Brier score. Results: The final risk score included the following predictors: having a male partner with unknown HIV status, number of lifetime sexual partners, syphilis, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and vaginal candidiasis. In the derivation cohort, AUC was 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], .72-.95) and each point increment in score was associated with a 52% (hazard ratio [HR], 1.52 [95% CI, 1.32-1.76]; P < .001) increase in HIV risk; the Brier score was 0.11. In the validation cohort, the score had similar AUC, Brier score, and estimated HRs. A simplified score that excluded BV and candidiasis yielded an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI, .67-.85); HIV incidence was higher among women with risk scores >6 than with scores ≤6 (7.3 vs 1.1 per 100 person-years, respectively; P < .001). Women with simplified scores >6 accounted for 16% of the population but 56% of HIV acquisitions. Conclusions: A combination of indicators routinely assessed in antenatal clinics was predictive of HIV risk and could be used to prioritize pregnant women for PrEP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.