ArticleAnnals of neurology2017
Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is associated with unique HLA subtypes.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 192 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel risk loci in LGI1-antibody encephalitis: genome-wide association study discovery and validation cohorts.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- MR Imaging Findings in Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma Inactivated Protein 1 Encephalitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Pooled it
- GWAS meta-analysis of over 29,000 people with epilepsy identifies 26 risk loci and subtype-specific genetic architecture.Nature genetics · 2023Pooled it
- The cascade to pathogenicity in autoantibody-mediated CNS diseases.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Fifteen years of autoimmune encephalitis in Denmark: incidence, epidemiology, and trends in treatment.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Specific HLA-DRB1 Alleles Associate With Anti-Caspr1 and Anti-CNTN1 Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Nodopathies.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- A case of autoimmune encephalitis with autoimmune gastritis presenting as refractory hyponatremia.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- HLA Class I Haplotype in Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody-Associated Neurological Disease.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Clinical utility of human leukocyte antigen genotyping and immunoglobulin G4 autoantibody testing in autoimmune neurological diseases: A focused minireview.World journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Systemic T Cell Receptor Profiling Reveals Adaptive Immune Activation and Potential Immune Signatures of Diagnosis and Brain Atrophy in Epilepsy.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- LGI1 Antibody-Associated Encephalitis Complicated with Sjögren's Syndrome and Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Case Report and Literature ReviewEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Predictors for identifying autoimmune encephalitis in pediatric patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- HLA genotyping and clinical characteristics of early-onset and late-onset anti-LGI1 encephalitis: a single-center cohort study in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- HLA polymorphism in neuroimmune diseases: linking antigen presentation to neuroinflammatory programs.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Rare Variants of Immune-Related Genes Increase Susceptibility to Autoimmune Encephalitis: An Association Study.Neurology international · 2025Article
- The gut microbiome associated with LGI1-antibody encephalitis.Epilepsia · 2025Article
- Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis: Markers of Severity and Outcome.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Autoimmune encephalitis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- The Complex Etiology of Epilepsy: Genetic Analysis and HLA Association in Patients in the Middle East.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAutoimmune encephalitis (AE), represented by anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (anti-LGI1) and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, has increasing clinical significance based on recent discoveries of neuronal autoantibodies. However, its immunopathogenesis is not fully understood. Here, we investigated whether AE is associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) subtypes.
methodsWe compared the HLA genotypes of 11 anti-LGI1 and 17 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients to the control groups, which consisted of 210 epilepsy patients and 485 healthy Koreans.
resultsAnti-LGI1 encephalitis was associated with the DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:02 haplotype (10 patients; 91%) in HLA class II genes, as well as with B*44:03 (8 patients; 73%) and C*07:06 (7 patients; 64%) in the HLA class I region. The prevalence of these alleles in anti-LGI1 encephalitis was significantly higher than that in the epilepsy controls or healthy controls. By contrast, anti-NMDAR encephalitis was not associated with HLA genotypes. Additional analysis using HLA-peptide binding prediction algorithms and computational docking underpinned the close relationship.
interpretationThis finding suggests that most anti-LGI1 encephalitis develops in a population with specific HLA subtypes, providing insight into a novel disease mechanism. Ann Neurol 2017;81:183-192.
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