ReviewVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2017
Ovarian borderline tumors in the 2014 WHO classification: evolving concepts and diagnostic criteria.
Review in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Frozen section diagnosis of borderline ovarian tumors with suspicious features of invasive cancer is a devil's dilemma for the surgeon: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2021Pooled it
- Salpingo-oophorectomy versus cystectomy in patients with borderline ovarian tumors: a systemic review and meta-analysis on postoperative recurrence and fertility.World journal of surgical oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Seromucinous borderline ovarian tumors: Clinical and ultrasound characteristics and association with endometriosis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Observational
- Expression VIII: Final Results of the Individual Perception and Level of Information of Patients with Borderline Tumors of the Ovary.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Observational
- Risk-Adapted Surveillance in Borderline Ovarian Tumours (BOTs): The "Barts" Evidence-Based Framework.Cancers · 2026Article
- Predictive ability of novel glycovariant biomarkers of CA125 and CA15-3 up to three years prior to ovarian cancer diagnosis: a population-based case-control study.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Enhancing the preoperative diagnostic accuracy for ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors through evaluation of clinical and imaging characteristics.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- The Oncological Follow-Up of Fertility Sparing Surgery for Mucinous Borderline Ovarian Tumours: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- Added value of serum proteins to clinical and ultrasound information in predicting the risk of malignancy in ovarian tumors.iScience · 2025Article
- Tumor recurrence risk following different COS regimens in infertile women with borderline ovarian tumors: impact on IVF outcomes.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Observational
- The Ultrasonography Characteristics of Borderline Ovarian Tumor Subtypes.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2025Article
- Endometriosis: assessment on O-RADS and risk of malignant transformation.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Review
- Special Issue "Biomarkers and Early Detection Strategies of Ovarian Tumors".International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Review of Endometriosis Based on Imaging Findings: What Radiologists Need to Know.Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology · 2025Review
- Development and Validation of Differential Diagnosis Models and Nomograms Based on Serum D-Dimer and Other Multimodal Information for Borderline and Benign Epithelial Ovarian Tumors: A Multicenter Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Laparoscopic treatment of a rare primary peritoneal serous borderline tumor: Case report and narrative review of the literature.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical Characteristics, Surgical Management, and Outcomes of Borderline Ovarian Tumours: A Retrospective Observational Study from North East London.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Factors Affecting Recurrence in 165 Patients with Serous Borderline Ovarian Tumours: The Pattern of Micro-Invasion Is Main Prognostic Factor.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Funding
Abstract
Borderline ovarian tumors (BOT) are uncommon but not rare epithelial ovarian neoplasms, intermediate between benign and malignant categories. Since BOT were first identified >40 years ago, they have inspired controversies disproportionate to their incidence. This review discusses diagnostic criteria for the histologic subtypes of BOT, highlighting areas of diagnostic challenges, ongoing controversies, and changes in terminology implemented by the recent 2014 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Female Genital Organs. Emerging knowledge supports the notion that subtypes of borderline ovarian tumors comprise distinct biologic, pathogenetic, and molecular entities, precluding a single unifying concept for BOT. Serous borderline tumors (SBT) share molecular and genetic alterations with low-grade serous carcinomas and can present at higher stages with peritoneal implants and/or lymph node involvement, which validates their borderline malignant potential. All other (non-serous) subtypes of BOT commonly present at stage I confined to the ovary(ies) and are associated with overall survival approaching that of the general population. An important change in the WHO 2014 classification is the new terminology of non-invasive implants associated with SBT, as any invasive foci (previously called "invasive implants") are now in line with their biological behavior considered peritoneal low-grade serous carcinoma (LGSC). The controversy regarding the terminology of non-serous borderline tumors, called by some pathologists "atypical proliferative tumor" in view of their largely benign behavior, has not been resolved. The concepts of intraepithelial carcinoma and microinvasion may evolve in further studies, as their presence appears to have no prognostic impact and is subject to considerable inter-observer variability.
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