ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2017
Natural History of Cryptosporidiosis in a Birth Cohort in Southern India.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in low and middle income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among children in India.Gut pathogens · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Genetic characterizations of Cryptosporidium spp. from children with or without diarrhea in Wenzhou, China: high probability of zoonotic transmission.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Dietary environmental factors shape the immune defense against Cryptosporidium infection.Cell host & microbe · 2023Article
- Clinical and Epidemiologic Features of Cryptosporidium-Associated Diarrheal Disease Among Young Children Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Vaccine Impact on Diarrhea in Africa (VIDA) Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Diagnosis of protozoa diarrhoea in Campylobacter patients increases markedly with molecular techniques.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- A comparison of risk factors for cryptosporidiosis and non-cryptosporidiosis diarrhoea: A case-case-control study in Ethiopian children.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- An Update on ZoonoticAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Nonsterile immunity to cryptosporidiosis in infants is associated with mucosal IgA against the sporozoite and protection from malnutrition.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of Human Cryptosporidiosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Use-case scenarios for an anti-Cryptosporidium therapeutic.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Review
- Molecular characterization of the waterborne pathogens Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cyclospora cayetanensis and Eimeria spp. in wastewater and sewage in Guangzhou, China.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Protection From Natural Immunity Against Enteric Infections and Etiology-Specific Diarrhea in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Observational
- Fecal Immunoglobulin A Against a Sporozoite Antigen at 12 Months Is Associated With Delayed Time to Subsequent Cryptosporidiosis in Urban Bangladesh: A Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Cryptosporidium infection in rural Gambian children: Epidemiology and risk factors.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Cryptosporidiosis in Children From 8 Low-income Sites: Results From the MAL-ED Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Species of Cryptosporidia Causing Subclinical Infection Associated With Growth Faltering in Rural and Urban Bangladesh: A Birth Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Observational
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCryptosporidium is a leading cause of moderate to severe childhood diarrhea in resource-poor settings. Understanding the natural history of cryptosporidiosis and the correlates of protection are essential to develop effective and sustainable approaches to disease control and prevention.
methodsChildren (N = 497) were recruited at birth in semiurban slums in Vellore, India, and followed for 3 years with twice-weekly home visits. Stool samples were collected every 2 weeks and during diarrheal episodes were tested for Cryptosporidium species by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum samples obtained every 6 months were evaluated for seroconversion, defined as a 4-fold increase in immunoglobulin G directed against Cryptosporidium gp15 and/or Cp23 antigens between consecutive sera.
resultsOf 410 children completing follow-up, 397 (97%) acquired cryptosporidiosis by 3 years of age. PCR identified 1053 episodes of cryptosporidiosis, with an overall incidence of 0.86 infections per child-year by stool and serology. The median age for the first infection was 9 (interquartile range, 4-17) months, indicating early exposure. Although infections were mainly asymptomatic (693 [66%]), Cryptosporidium was identified in 9.4% of diarrheal episodes. The proportion of reinfected children was high (81%) and there was clustering of asymptomatic and symptomatic infections (P < .0001 for both). Protection against infection increased with the order of infection but was only 69% after 4 infections. Cryptosporidium hominis (73.3%) was the predominant Cryptosporidium species, and there was no species-specific protection.
conclusionsThere is a high burden of endemic cryptosporidiosis in southern India. Clustering of infection is suggestive of host susceptibility. Multiple reinfections conferred some protection against subsequent infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.