Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28012090›Full record

ReviewCurrent topics in behavioral neurosciences2017

A Decade of Orexin/Hypocretin and Addiction: Where Are We Now?

Morgan H James, Stephen V Mahler, David E Moorman, Gary Aston-Jones

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed
46.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 179 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  10. Orexinergic modulation of chronic jet lag-induced deficits in mouse cognitive flexibility.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
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34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Morgan H JamesBrain Health Institute, Rutgers University/Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Stephen V MahlerDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92967, USA.
David E MoormanDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences & Neuroscience and Behavior Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
Gary Aston-JonesBrain Health Institute, Rutgers University/Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA. gsa35@ca.rutgers.edu.
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst · US

Funding

ROLE OF OREXIN IN COCAINE DEMAND AND ADDICTIONR01DA006214 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ASTON-JONES, GARY S. · 1989 to 2024
$6.0M
Role of Ventral Pallidum Projection to VTA in Reinstatement of Cocaine SeekingR00DA035251 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI MAHLER, STEPHEN VINCENT · 2015 to 2017
$756k
Identification and manipulation of orexin/hypocretin neuron populations in addictionR21DA041674 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST · PI MOORMAN, DAVID E · 2016 to 2017
$439k
NIDA NIH HHS R00 DA035251NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA006214NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA041674
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

One decade ago, our laboratory provided the first direct evidence linking orexin/hypocretin signaling with drug seeking by showing that activation of these neurons promotes conditioned morphine-seeking behavior. In the years since, contributions from many investigators have revealed roles for orexins in addiction for all drugs of abuse tested, but only under select circumstances. We recently proposed that orexins play a fundamentally unified role in coordinating "motivational activation" under numerous behavioral conditions, and here we unpack this hypothesis as it applies to drug addiction. We describe evidence collected over the past 10 years that elaborates the role of orexin in drug seeking under circumstances where high levels of effort are required to obtain the drug, or when motivation for drug reward is augmented by the presence of external stimuli like drug-associated cues/contexts or stressors. Evidence from studies using traditional self-administration and reinstatement models, as well as behavioral economic analyses of drug demand elasticity, clearly delineates a role for orexin in modulating motivational, rather than the primary reinforcing aspects of drug reward. We also discuss the anatomical interconnectedness of the orexin system with wider motivation and reward circuits, with a particular focus on how orexin modulates prefrontal and other glutamatergic inputs onto ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons. Last, we look ahead to the next decade of the research in this area, highlighting the recent FDA approval of the dual orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant (Belsomra

Indexed as

AnimalsBehavior, AddictiveHumansOrexinsOrexinsAddictionAlcoholBehavioral economicsCocaineDopamineDrugs of abuseGlutamateHeroinHypocretinMotivationOrexinRewardVTA

Identifiers

PMID28012090
PMCPMC5799809
OpenAlexW2566998941

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.