ReviewMetabolic brain disease2017
Ammonia toxicity: from head to toe?
Review in Metabolic brain disease, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06248736 (Description of Lactulose Administration by Balloon Rectal Tube in Severe Hepatic Encephalopathy), which is not on this map. Cited by 115 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Description of Lactulose Administration by Balloon Rectal Tube in Severe Hepatic Encephalopathy
Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 266 citations in OpenAlex.
- The urea-to-creatinine ratio as an emerging biomarker in critical care: a scoping review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbial ammonia as a mediator of PFOS neurotoxicity and its remediation by the flavonoid Icaritin.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Product-stabilized filamentation by human glutamine synthetase allosterically tunes metabolic activity.eLife · 2026Article
- Autothermal hydrogen productionRSC advances · 2026Article
- Hyperuricemia increases susceptibility to chronic kidney injury exacerbation via autophagic flux blockade-mediated ammonia death pathway.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Voluntary wheel running modulates murine gut microbiome during hyperammonemic stress.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Deleterious in vitro effects of ammonia and accumulated urea cycle amino acids on leukocyte DNA: assessment of the antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine and L-carnitine.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- The role of ammonia in chronic liver disease.Hepatology communications · 2026Review
- Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Systemic Ammonia Toxicity: An Underestimated Driver of Cerebral Energy Crisis in Hepatic Encephalopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Effect of Ammonia onAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Dysregulation in Hyperammonemia: Opportunities and Challenges Toward Therapeutic Targeting to Combat Neurological Complications.Neurochemical research · 2026Review
- Ammonia metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment: emergence of an immunosuppressive niche.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- The role of the gut mycobiota in neurodevelopmental disorders: a multikingdom disruption of the gut-brain axis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Associations of PMThe Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Guanidino compounds with native GABA(A) δ receptor selectivity: a tale of homeostatic compensation in δ-KO mice.BMC neuroscience · 2025Article
- Ammonia in cancer: dual roles and therapeutic strategies.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Impact of nanoclay in feed and aluminum sulfate in litter on growth performance, serum biochemistry, and litter chemistry of Nigerian Noiler cockerel birds.Tropical animal health and production · 2025Article
- Liquid Metal Printed Zinc Tin Composite Oxide Nanosheets: A Platform for Multifunctional Sensing at Room Temperature.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Ammonia metabolism and ammonia-induced cell death: role in cancer therapy.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ammonia is diffused and transported across all plasma membranes. This entails that hyperammonemia leads to an increase in ammonia in all organs and tissues. It is known that the toxic ramifications of ammonia primarily touch the brain and cause neurological impairment. However, the deleterious effects of ammonia are not specific to the brain, as the direct effect of increased ammonia (change in pH, membrane potential, metabolism) can occur in any type of cell. Therefore, in the setting of chronic liver disease where multi-organ dysfunction is common, the role of ammonia, only as neurotoxin, is challenged. This review provides insights and evidence that increased ammonia can disturb many organ and cell types and hence lead to dysfunction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.