Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28008959›Full record

ArticleNature communications2016

Non-invasive imaging using reporter genes altering cellular water permeability.

Arnab Mukherjee, Di Wu, Hunter C Davis, Mikhail G Shapiro

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. A genetic reporter for visualizing nitroreductase activity using magnetic resonance imaging.Chemistry methods : new approaches to solving problems in chemistry · 2026
    Article
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  8. A programmable genetic platform for engineering noninvasive biosensors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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  11. A Genetically Engineered Reporter System Designed forJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2024
    Article
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  15. Article
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1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Arnab MukherjeeDivision of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 210-41, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
Di WuDivision of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
Hunter C DavisDivision of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 210-41, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
Mikhail G ShapiroDivision of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 210-41, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0291-4215
California Institute of Technology · US

Funding

Repurposing of cancer therapeutics for treatment of patients with COVID-19 diseaseU54CA199090 · NCI · INSTITUTE FOR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY · PI HEATH, JAMES R., RIBAS, ANTONI · 2015 to 2020
$11.4M
NCI NIH HHS U54 CA199090
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Non-invasive imaging of gene expression in live, optically opaque animals is important for multiple applications, including monitoring of genetic circuits and tracking of cell-based therapeutics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could enable such monitoring with high spatiotemporal resolution. However, existing MRI reporter genes based on metalloproteins or chemical exchange probes are limited by their reliance on metals or relatively low sensitivity. Here we introduce a new class of MRI reporters based on the human water channel aquaporin 1. We show that aquaporin overexpression produces contrast in diffusion-weighted MRI by increasing tissue water diffusivity without affecting viability. Low aquaporin levels or mixed populations comprising as few as 10% aquaporin-expressing cells are sufficient to produce MRI contrast. We characterize this new contrast mechanism through experiments and simulations, and demonstrate its utility in vivo by imaging gene expression in tumours. Our results establish an alternative class of sensitive, metal-free reporter genes for non-invasive imaging.

Indexed as

AnimalsAquaporinsBrain NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorCHO CellsCricetulusDiffusion Magnetic Resonance ImagingGene ExpressionGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHEK293 CellsHumansMice, SCIDPermeabilityTransplantation, HeterologousWaterAquaporinsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsWater

Identifiers

PMID28008959
PMCPMC5196229
OpenAlexW2561217468

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.