Observational studyNeurocritical care2017
Agitation After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Frequent Omen of Hospital Complications Associated with Worse Outcomes.
Observational study in Neurocritical care, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute behavioral changes as a diagnostic factor of intracranial injuries among the elderly population with mild traumatic brain injury - retrospective cross-sectional study.BMC emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Validating the Fluctuating Mental Status Evaluation in Neurocritically Ill Patients With Acute Stroke.Critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Dynamically Normalized Pupillometry for Detecting Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Critical care explorations · 2024Observational
- Predictors of hospital length of stay and long-term care facility placement in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.World neurosurgery: X · 2024Article
- Delirium and Its Associations with Critical Care Utilizations and Outcomes at the Time of Hospital Discharge in Patients with Acute Brain Injury.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Incidence and associations of hospital delirium diagnoses in 85,979 people with severe mental illness: A data linkage study.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2023Article
- Article
- The Role of Nursing Care in the Management of Patients with Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Galen medical journal · 2023Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid metabolic profiling reveals divergent modulation of pentose phosphate pathway by midazolam, propofol and dexmedetomidine in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a cohort study.BMC anesthesiology · 2022Observational
- Association between physical restraint requirement and unfavorable neurologic outcomes in subarachnoid hemorrhage.Journal of intensive care · 2021Article
- Agitation, confusion, and aggression in critically ill traumatic brain injury-a pilot cohort study (ACACIA-PILOT).Pilot and feasibility studies · 2020Article
- Fluctuations of consciousness after stroke: Associations with the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) and potential undetected delirium.Journal of critical care · 2020Article
- Dispersion in Scores on the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale as a Measure of Delirium in Patients with Subdural Hematomas.Neurocritical care · 2019Article
- Duration of Agitation, Fluctuations of Consciousness, and Associations with Outcome in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2018Observational
- Predisposing factors, clinical assessment, management and outcomes of agitation in the trauma intensive care unit.World journal of emergency medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAgitated delirium is frequent following acute brain injury, but data are limited in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We examined incidence, risk factors, and consequences of agitation in these patients in a single-center retrospective study.
methodsWe identified all patients treated with antipsychotics or dexmedetomidine from a prospective observational cohort of patients with spontaneous SAH. Agitation was confirmed by chart review. Outcomes were assessed at 12 months using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS), and Lawton IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) scores. Independent predictors were identified using logistic regression.
resultsFrom 309 SAH patients admitted between January 2011 and December 2015, 52 (17 %) developed agitation, frequently in the first 72 h (50 %) and in patients with Hunt-Hess grades 3-4 (12 % of grades 1-2, 28 % of grades 3-4, 8 % of grade 5). There was also a significant association between agitation and a history of cocaine use or prior psychiatric diagnosis. Agitated patients were more likely to develop multiple hospital complications; and in half of these patients, complications were diagnosed within 24 h of agitation onset. Agitation was associated with IADL impairment at 12 months (Lawton >8; p = 0.03, OR 2.7, 95 % CI, 1.1-6.8) in non-comatose patients (Hunt-Hess 1-4), but not with functional outcome (mRS >3), cognitive impairment (TICS ≤30), or ICU/hospital length of stay after controlling for other predictors.
conclusionAgitation occurs frequently after SAH, especially in non-comatose patients with higher clinical grades. It is associated with the development of multiple hospital complications and may have an independent impact on long-term outcomes.
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