ArticleOncotarget2017
PTEN mediates the cross talk between breast and glial cells in brain metastases leading to rapid disease progression.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular and Clinicopathological Biomarkers Predicting Brain Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Individualized prediction of survival after brain metastasis development in patients with breast cancer.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Biological profile of breast cancer brain metastasis.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- Article
- New insights of miRNA molecular mechanisms in breast cancer brain metastasis and therapeutic targets.Non-coding RNA research · 2023Article
- Organ-Specificity of Breast Cancer Metastasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Crosstalk between small-cell lung cancer cells and astrocytes mimics brain development to promote brain metastasis.Nature cell biology · 2023Article
- Impact of AKT1 on cell invasion and radiosensitivity in a triple negative breast cancer cell line developing brain metastasis.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Circulating tumor cells and extracellular vesicles as liquid biopsy markers in neuro-oncology: prospects and limitations.Neuro-oncology advances · 2022Article
- An Insight into Molecular Targets of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Comprehensive Analysis Identifies COL1A1, COL3A1, and POSTN as Key Genes Associated with Brain Metastasis in Patients with Breast Cancer.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Article
- An Ex Vivo Brain Slice Model to Study and Target Breast Cancer Brain Metastatic Tumor Growth.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2021Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Brain Metastases in HER2-Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancers.Cancers · 2021Review
- ENT2 facilitates brain endothelial cell penetration and blood-brain barrier transport by a tumor-targeting anti-DNA autoantibody.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Metabolome Shift in Both Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells and Astrocytes Which May Contribute to the Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Biomimetic Microfluidic Platforms for the Assessment of Breast Cancer Metastasis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Understanding Patterns of Brain Metastasis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Exploring Potential Therapeutic Targets.OncoTargets and therapy · 2021Review
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite improvement of therapeutic treatments for breast cancer, the development of brain metastases has become a major limitation to life expectancy for many patients. Brain metastases show very commonly alterations in EGFR and HER2 driven pathways, of which PTEN is an important regulator. Here, we analyzed PTEN expression in 111 tissue samples of breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM). Loss of PTEN was found in a substantial proportion of BCBM samples (48.6%) and was significantly associated with triple-negative breast cancer (67.5%, p = 0.001) and a shorter survival time after surgical resection of brain metastases (p = 0.048). Overexpression of PTEN in brain-seeking MDA-MB-231 BR cells in vitro reduced activation of the AKT pathway, notably by suppression of Akt1 kinase activity. Furthermore, the migration of MDA-MB-231 BR cells in vitro was promoted by co-culturing with both astrocytes and microglial cells. Interestingly, when PTEN was overexpressed the migration was significantly inhibited. Moreover, in an ex vivo organotypic brain slice model, PTEN overexpression reduced invasion of tumor cells. This was accompanied by reduced astrocyte activation that was mediated by autocrine and paracrine activation of GM-CSF/ CSF2RA and AKT/ PTEN pathways. In conclusion, loss of PTEN is frequently detected in triple-negative BCBM patients and associated with poor prognosis. The findings of our functional studies suggest that PTEN loss promotes a feedback loop between tumor cells and glial cells, which might contribute to disease progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.