ArticleNature protocols2017
Immuno-engineered organoids for regulating the kinetics of B-cell development and antibody production.
Article in Nature protocols, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Modeling Immunity In Vitro: Slices, Chips, and Engineered Tissues.Annual review of biomedical engineering · 2021Pooled it
- Cell and tissue engineering in lymph nodes for cancer immunotherapy.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Matrix Stiffness Regulates Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Spheroid Formation in a Tunable 3D Chitosan Hydrogel Model.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Human Organoids as a Novel Tool for Vaccine Study.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Microphysiological Systems of Lymphatics and Immune Organs.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Dynamic hydrogel mechanics in organoid engineering: From matrix design to translational paradigms.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Immune and Immune-Integrated Organoids as NextGeneration Platforms for Disease Modeling.MedComm · 2025Review
- In-depth insight into tumor-infiltrating stromal cells linked to tertiary lymphoid structures and their prospective function in cancer immunotherapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Deciphering the Human Germinal Center: A Review of Models to Study T-B Cell Interactions.European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- Engineering human immune organoids for translational immunology.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Immune organoids: emerging platforms for modeling and analyzing human adaptive immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Modeling memory B cell responses in a lymphoid organ-chip to evaluate mRNA vaccine boosting.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Thymic epithelial organoids mediate T-cell development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structural heterogeneity determines tumour immunity and prospects for clinical application.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Biomaterials-mediated ligation of immune cell surface receptors for immunoengineering.Immuno-oncology technology · 2024Review
- Organoids in virology.Npj viruses · 2024Review
- Characterizing influence of rCHOP treatment on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma microenvironment through in vitro microfluidic spheroid model.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Tonsil explants as a humanFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures: new immunotherapy biomarker.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The regulation of Tfh cell differentiation by β-hydroxybutyrylation modification of transcription factor Bcl6.Chromosoma · 2023Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Induction of B-cell immunity against infection depends on the initiation of the germinal center (GC) reaction in secondary lymphoid organs. Ex vivo recapitulation of the GC reaction in 2D cultures results in transient cell growth, with poor yield and short-term survival. Furthermore, no reported 2D ex vivo system can modulate the kinetics of a GC-like phenotype or the rate of antibody class switching. This protocol describes a methodology for developing immune organoids that partially mimic the B-cell zone of a lymphoid tissue, for efficient and rapid generation of B cells with a GC-like phenotype from naive murine B cells. The organoid is composed of a bioadhesive protein, gelatin, that is transformed into an ionically cross-linked hydrated network using biocompatible silicate nanoparticles (SiNPs). We explain how to establish the immune organoid culture to sustain immune cell proliferation and transformation into a GC-like phenotype. Starting with cell encapsulation in digested lymphoid tissues, clusters of proliferating B cells with a GC-like phenotype can be generated in the organoids at controlled rates, within ∼1 week. The culture methodology described here is currently the only one that allows the accelerated induction of a GC-like phenotype in B cells and supports a controllable immunoglobulin class-switching reaction. This method can be easily implemented in a typical tissue culture room by personnel with standard mammalian cell culture expertise.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.