ReviewCNS drugs2017
Pharmacological Treatment in γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) Dependence: Detoxification and Relapse Prevention.
Review in CNS drugs, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Emergency department presentations, hospitalisations and police seizure data related to gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in New South Wales, Australia, from 2015 to 2024.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Drug Addiction in Gay and Bisexual Men Living with HIV Engaged in Sexualized Drug Use: Recent Drug Use, Polydrug and Depressive Symptoms as Predictors.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Mind the G(ap): bridging prevention needs and approaches for GHB/GBL users and their social environment.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Individual differences in GHB consumption in a new voluntary GHB self-administration model in outbred rats.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Management of γ-hydroxybutyrate intoxication and withdrawal.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2023Article
- Inpatient GHB withdrawal management in an inner-city hospital in Sydney, Australia: a retrospective medical record review.Psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry guidelines on the assessment and pharmacological treatment of compulsive sexual behaviour disorder.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2022Article
- Treatment of Poorly Responsive Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Withdrawal With Baclofen: A Case Report.Cureus · 2022Article
- No party, no drugs? Use of stimulants, dissociative drugs, and GHB/GBL during the early COVID-19 pandemic.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- Current Insights on the Impact of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Abuse.Substance abuse and rehabilitation · 2022Review
- Successful Treatment of Severe Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid Withdrawal Syndrome With Dantrolene.Cureus · 2021Article
- Characterization of the GHB Withdrawal Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Observational
- Effects of Recreational GHB Use and Multiple GHB-Induced Comas on Brain Structure and Impulsivity.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
- Severe illicit gamma-hydroxybutyric acid withdrawal in a pregnant woman: what to do?BMJ case reports · 2019Article
- Baclofen to Prevent Relapse in Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB)-Dependent Patients: A Multicentre, Open-Label, Non-Randomized, Controlled Trial.CNS drugs · 2018Article
- Baclofen in gamma-hydroxybutyrate withdrawal: patterns of use and online availability.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Review
- Novel Psychoactive Substances-Recent Progress on Neuropharmacological Mechanisms of Action for Selected Drugs.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2017Review
- Successful Management of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Withdrawal Using Baclofen as a Standalone Therapy: A Case Report.Journal of addiction medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The misuse of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) for recreational purposes has resulted in an increase in GHB-related problems such as intoxications, dependence and withdrawal in several countries in Europe, Australia and the US over the last decade. However, prevalence rates of misuse of GHB and its precursor, γ-butyrolactone (GBL), are still relatively low. In this qualitative review paper, after a short introduction on the pharmacology of GHB/GBL, followed by a summary of the epidemiology of GHB abuse, an overview of GHB dependence syndrome and GHB/GBL withdrawal syndrome is provided. Finally, the existing literature on management of GHB detoxification, both planned and unplanned, as well as the available management of GHB withdrawal syndrome, is summarized. Although no systematic studies on detoxification and management of withdrawal have been performed to date, general recommendations are given on pharmacological treatment and preferred treatment setting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
28004314What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.