ReviewFrontiers in immunology2016
HLA Mismatching Strategies for Solid Organ Transplantation - A Balancing Act.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of pretransplant donor-specific antibodies and human leukocyte antigen mismatches on graft and patient outcomes: A cohort from Saudi Arabia.World journal of transplantation · 2026Article
- Human thyroid organoids: tools for understanding thyroid diseases and development.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- HLA-A, -B, and DR Mismatch and Outcomes After Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation in the Modern Era.Clinical transplantation · 2026Article
- Addressing racial disparities in representation across blood, stem cell and organ and tissue donor pools.Vox sanguinis · 2026Review
- Immunological considerations and outcomes in cross-sex vascularized composite allotransplantation.Clinical transplantation and research · 2026Review
- Recipient Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Homozygosity and Access to Quality Kidneys.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Vascularised Composite Allotransplantation: Emerging Applications in Reconstructive Surgery and Solid Organ Transplantation.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Treatment of antibody-mediated rejection in heart transplantation: from empirical combination to multi-target precision intervention.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Association of Pre-Transplant Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) with the Function of the Kidney Allograft and Antibody Response.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2026Article
- Discovery of Donor-Derived Exosomal DNA as an Exploratory Biomarker of Kidney Graft Rejection: A Cross-Sectional Study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Article
- Population-agnostic real-time molecular mismatch estimation using rSSO-defined HLA allele strings: minimal impact of allelic discordance with NGS.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Whole-exome sequencing of kidney transplant recipients and donors: insights into end-stage renal disease and post-transplant genetic risk.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Article
- Hypoimmune stem cells and islets: hype or a true breakthrough in diabetes treatment?Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Review
- Immunogenicity of autologous and allogeneic human primary cholangiocyte organoid cellular therapies.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Renal transplantation in older adults: retrospective cohort study to examine the impact of the new 2019 kidney offering scheme on older adult transplant recipients.Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2025Observational
- Long-read sequencing reveals novel genetic polymorphisms in the major histocompatibility complex region and their impacts on the Han Chinese population.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Article
- Identifying Risk Factors for Graft Failure due to Chronic Rejection < 15 Years Post-Transplant in Pediatric Kidney Transplants Using Random Forest Machine-Learning Techniques.Pediatric transplantation · 2025Article
- Donor MHC-specific thymus vaccination allows for immunocompatible allotransplantation.Cell research · 2025Article
- Human leukocyte antigen and donor-specific antibodies in liver transplantation.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HLA matching provides numerous benefits in organ transplantation including better graft function, fewer rejection episodes, longer graft survival, and the possibility of reduced immunosuppression. Mismatches are attended by more frequent rejection episodes that require increased immunosuppression that, in turn, can increase the risk of infection and malignancy. HLA mismatches also incur the risk of sensitization, which can reduce the opportunity and increase waiting time for a subsequent transplant. However, other factors such as donor age, donor type, and immunosuppression protocol, can affect the benefit derived from matching. Furthermore, finding a well-matched donor may not be possible for all patients and usually prolongs waiting time. Strategies to optimize transplantation for patients without a well-matched donor should take into account the immunologic barrier represented by different mismatches: what are the least immunogenic mismatches considering the patient's HLA phenotype; should repeated mismatches be avoided; is the patient sensitized to HLA and, if so, what are the strengths of the patient's antibodies? This information can then be used to define the HLA type of an immunologically optimal donor and the probability of such a donor occurring. A probability that is considered to be too low may require expanding the donor population through paired donation or modifying what is acceptable, which may require employing treatment to overcome immunologic barriers such as increased immunosuppression or desensitization. Thus, transplantation must strike a balance between the risk associated with waiting for the optimal donor and the risk associated with a less than optimal donor.
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