Trial reportAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology2017
Lower-limb hot-water immersion acutely induces beneficial hemodynamic and cardiovascular responses in peripheral arterial disease and healthy, elderly controls.
Trial report in American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of heat-induced changes in cardiac function from over 400 laboratory-based heat exposure studies.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Physical Activity and Exercise on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Adults with Resistant Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of the role of heat therapy for patients with intermittent claudication due to peripheral artery disease.Vascular medicine (London, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Passive heating and glycaemic control in non-diabetic and diabetic individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of Alternating Mild-Cold and Hot Water Immersion on Lower-Leg Blood Flow Following Immersion in Healthy Young Adults.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026Trial
- No effect of either heat therapy or aerobic exercise training on blood pressure in adults with untreated hypertension: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Trial
- The Impact of Controlled Physical Training with Hydrotherapy on Changes in Swelling and Claudication Distance in Patients with Atherosclerotic Ischemia of the Lower Limbs.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Effects of home-based leg heat therapy on walking performance in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease: a pilot randomized trial.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2022Trial
- Acute effects of leg heat therapy on walking performance and cardiovascular and inflammatory responses to exercise in patients with peripheral artery disease.Physiological reports · 2021Trial
- Acute effects of sauna bathing on cardiovascular function.Journal of human hypertension · 2018Trial
- Plantar Foot Microvascular Reactivity and Oxygenation in Type 2 Diabetes and Peripheral Artery Disease: An Exploratory Study.Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2026Article
- Four-Days of Passive Heat Acclimation Increases Exercise Capacity in Healthy Older Adults Living in the UK.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Passive hyperthermia increases blood circulation in specific regions, largely independent of conduit artery mechanics and cardiac performance.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Heat Therapy: Targeting Health, Disease, and Disability.Comprehensive Physiology · 2026Review
- Applying thermal therapy: Comparison of different commercially available heating devices to increase muscle temperature.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Effects of moxibustion aroma stimulation and lower-limb warm stimulation on blood pressure and cerebral hemodynamics: a pilot randomized trial.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Eight weeks of post-exercise local heating does not improve cognition and plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Whole-body hot water immersion effect on cerebral haemodynamics and subsequent cerebrovascular reactivity to carbon dioxide.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Systemic cardiovascular and carotid baroreflex support of arterial pressure during recovery from passive heat stress in young and older adults.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Vascular, inflammatory and perceptual responses to hot water immersion: Impacts of water depth and temperature in young healthy adults.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Passive heat induces beneficial perfusion profiles, provides substantive cardiovascular strain, and reduces blood pressure, thereby holding potential for healthy and cardiovascular disease populations. The aim of this study was to assess acute responses to passive heat via lower-limb, hot-water immersion in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and healthy, elderly controls. Eleven patients with PAD (age 71 ± 6 yr, 7 male, 4 female) and 10 controls (age 72 ± 7 yr, 8 male, 2 female) underwent hot-water immersion (30-min waist-level immersion in 42.1 ± 0.6°C water). Before, during, and following immersion, brachial and popliteal artery diameter, blood flow, and shear stress were assessed using duplex ultrasound. Lower-limb perfusion was measured also using venous occlusion plethysmography and near-infrared spectroscopy. During immersion, shear rate increased (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.