ArticleChemical research in toxicology2017
Thirdhand Smoke: New Evidence, Challenges, and Future Directions.
Article in Chemical research in toxicology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
140 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 256 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking cessation in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of vulnerability approaches and expectant father involvement.Public health reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Analysis of Assessment Methods for Detecting Nicotine Residue and Its Impact on Humans: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of a Structured Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Beliefs, and Self-Reported Practices of Pregnant Women Exposed to Thirdhand Smoke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Brain and behavior · 2026Trial
- Tobacco Smoke Exposure According to Location of Home Smoking in Israel: Findings from the Project Zero Exposure Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- Multilevel Intervention for Low-Income Maternal Smokers in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).American journal of public health · 2022Trial
- Randomised pilot trial of cash incentives for reducing paediatric asthmatic tobacco smoke exposures from maternal caregivers and members of their social network.Archives of disease in childhood · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Parents' Self-efficacy for Tobacco Exposure Protection and Smoking Abstinence Mediate Treatment Effects on Child Cotinine at 12-Month Follow-up: Mediation Results from the Kids Safe and Smokefree Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- Randomised controlled trial of real-time feedback and brief coaching to reduce indoor smoking.Tobacco control · 2020Trial
- Long-term Results From the FRESH RCT: Sustained Reduction of Children's Tobacco Smoke Exposure.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020Trial
- Experimental Acute Exposure to Thirdhand Smoke and Changes in the Human Nasal Epithelial Transcriptome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2019Trial
- Parental Smoking and E-cigarette Use in Homes and Cars.Pediatrics · 2019Trial
- Indoor Environmental Exposures and Dry Eye Disease: Mechanisms, Clinical Impact, and Prevention Strategies.Toxics · 2026Review
- On the Detection and Scope of "Third-Hand Vaping": A Critical Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Quantitative reference levels for thirdhand smoke residue from tobacco products in indoor environments: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Review
- A Critical Perspective on the Role of Thirdhand Smoke in Tumorigenesis: Initiator or Promoter.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Association Between Urinary Cotinine and Whole-Slide Digital Cytomorphometric Alterations in the Oral Mucosa of Tobacco Smoke-Exposed Cats.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Urinary cotinine cut-offs for tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy and associations with child intelligence quotient: A multi-cohort analysis.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2026Article
- PAH exposure and associated health risks can be high at a fire site both during fire and long after the fire is extinguished.Annals of work exposures and health · 2026Article
- Environmental tobacco smoke is a major contributor to lead, cadmium, and arsenic in settled house dust.Chemosphere · 2026Article
80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the contamination that persists after secondhand tobacco smoke has been emitted into air. It refers to the tobacco-related gases and particles that become embedded in materials, such as the carpet, walls, furniture, blankets, and toys. THS is not strictly smoke, but chemicals that adhere to surfaces from which they can be released back into the air, undergo chemical transformations and/or accumulate. Currently, the hazards of THS are not as well documented as the hazards of secondhand smoke (SHS). In this Perspective, we describe the distribution and chemical changes that occur as SHS is transformed into THS, studies of environmental contamination by THS, human exposure studies, toxicology studies using animal models and in vitro systems, possible approaches for avoiding exposure, remediation of THS contamination, and priorities for further research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.